This chapter reviews how the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)'s conceptual framework and parts of the classification system apply to mental health management in vocational rehabilitation and related services. Mental health management in this chapter refers to all aspects of the scope of practice of rehabilitation counseling and related rehabilitation service provision to people who have psychiatric diagnoses and/or developing mental health needs. The ICF conceptual framework and classification system have been reviewed earlier in Chaps. 1 and 2 of this text, so this chapter assumes the reader has the knowledge presented there.We begin this chapter with a review of the prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses and the related need for mental health management in vocational rehabilitation and related services. We then apply the ICF conceptual framework to mental health management issues. The ICF's biopsychosocial framework is considered for the case conceptualization of a specific disability scenario and later to psychiatric rehabilitation in general. We conclude with a brief discussion of a core set of ICF codes related to the most frequently encountered psychiatric diagnosis in mental health management, depression.