Aufarbeitung (Downstream Processing)

Chmiel, H.; Friedle, J.; Schröeder, Tim; Schuldt, S.; Winkelnkemper, T.; Schembecker, Gerhard

doi:10.1007/978-3-8274-2477-8_10

Bioprozesstechnik 2011

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-8274-2477-8_10

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Aufarbeitung (Downstream Processing)

H. Chmiel¹,

J. Friedle²,

Tim Schröeder³

et al.

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Cited by 2 publications

References 83 publications

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Biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose to platform chemicals

Jäger¹,

Büchs²

2012

Biotechnology Journal

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Naturally occurring lignocellulose can be used as a renewable resource for the sustainable production of platform chemicals that can in turn be converted to valuable fine chemicals, polymers, and fuels. The biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose is a very promising approach due to its high selectivity, mild conditions, and low exergy loss. However, such biocatalytic processes are still seldom applied at the industrial scale since the single conversion steps (pretreatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation) may exhibit low conversion rates, low efficiencies, or high costs. The biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose to platform chemicals is reviewed in this work. Structures and production rates of lignocellulose are described, and platform chemicals that may be produced from lignocellulose are summarized. Biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose is distinguished from conventional non-selective approaches. All essential conversion steps used in biocatalytic approaches (pretreatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation) are reviewed in detail. Finally, potential interactions between these conversion steps are highlighted and the advantages as well as disadvantages of integrated process configurations are elucidated. In conclusion, a comprehensive understanding of the biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose is provided in this review.

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Biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose to platform chemicals

Jäger¹,

Büchs²

2012

Biotechnology Journal

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Biomass measurement by flow cytometry during solid‐state fermentation of basidiomycetes

et al. 2014

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Solid-state fermentation (SSF) is a robust process that is well suited to the on-site cultivation of basidiomycetes that produce enzymes for the treatment of lignocellulosics. Reliable methods for biomass quantification are essential for the analysis of fungal growth kinetics. However, direct biomass determination is not possible during SSF because the fungi grow into the substrate and use it as a nutrient source. This necessitates the use of indirect methods that are either very laborious and time consuming or can only provide biomass measurements during certain growth periods. Here, we describe the development and optimization of a new rapid method for fungal biomass determination during SSF that is based on counting fungal nuclei by flow cytometry. Fungal biomass was grown on an organic substrate and its concentration was measured by isolating the nuclei from the fungal hyphae after cell disruption, staining them with SYTOX V R Green, and then counting them using a flow cytometer. A calibration curve relating the dry biomass of the samples to their concentrations of nuclei was established. Multiple buffers and disruption methods were tested. The results obtained were compared with values determined using the method of ergosterol determination, a classical technique for fungal biomass measurement during SSF. Our new approach can be used to measure fungal biomass on a range of different scales, from 15 mL cultures to a laboratory reactor with a working volume of 10 L (developed by

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Aufarbeitung (Downstream Processing)

Cited by 2 publications

References 83 publications

Biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose to platform chemicals

Biocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose to platform chemicals

Biomass measurement by flow cytometry during solid‐state fermentation of basidiomycetes

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