Augmentation of antimicrobial activity of conventional antibiotics by cell-free extract of L. plantarum

Singh, Anumeha; Preet, Simran; Rishi, Praveen

doi:10.1038/ja.2011.92

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The antimicrobial combinations (L. casei and L. rhamnosus with AK and GEN) demonstrated synergistic actions against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as has been reported by Aminnezhad et al [38]. The antibiotic susceptibility test demonstrated the resistance to ampicillin, CIP and ceftriaxone for L. plantarum strain, the cell-free extract of which potentially augmented the efficacy of the test antibiotics against Salmonella infection [8]. The antimicrobial combination has been in utilization as an efficient therapeutic approach by using varied mechanisms of action; the probiotic microorganisms produce inhibitory substances, such as bacteriocin, H 2 O 2 and organic acids, like lactic and acetic acid [11,39], in the human intestine on consumption, on the body surface on application, or in the culture medium, where they live/colonize, and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The three main categories of antibacterial resistances, such as multidrug resistant (MDR: which is the acquisition of nonsusceptibility to ≥3 antimicrobial agents of different categories), extensively drug resistant (XDR: means bacterial non-susceptibility to a minimum of one antimicrobial agent from all except ≤2 antimicrobial categories) and pandrug resistant (PDR: non-susceptibility to all antimicrobial agents of all categories) create a great threat to the global public health with huge economic burden, treatment failures, and increased morbidity and mortality [1][2][3][4][5]. This rising in the emergence of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria led to search the nonantibiotic treatment regimens, including the probiotic lactobacilli, as new therapies to combat the bacterial antibiotic resistance and to treat the infection [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial Potentiality of Commercially Available Probiotic Lactobacilli and Curd Lactobacilli Strains, Alone and in Combination, against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Halder¹,

Shyamapada²

2016

Transl Biomed

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Background and objective: Lactobacilli are excellent antibacterial agents; however, scientific study on their combined action against human pathogenic bacteria is skimpy. The current study determines the antibacterial activity of commercially available probiotic lactobacilli and the curd lactobacilli, alone and in combination, against clinical bacterial isolates.Methods and findings: Two curd lactobacilli (Lactobacillus animalis and L. gasseri) and two commercially available probiotic lactobacilli (L. acidophilus and L. rhamnosus) strains were tested for their antibacterial activity against the clinical bacterial isolates: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, following agar-overlay method. The 'R' values (width of clear zones) due to their action against the indicator bacteria were recorded, and growth inhibitory indices (GIIs) were calculated from their combined action. The commercial lactobacilli strains, for which the 'R' values ranged 8-12 mm, from single action, had synergistic activity when used in combination against E. coli (GII: 0.56), while the curd lactobacilli strains having 'R' values 6.5-9.5 mm had synergistic activity against both E. coli and K. pneumoniae (GIIs: 0.65-0.74). The lactobacilli strains isolated were multidrug resistant. Conclusion:The current findings suggest the usefulness of natural curd lactobacilli as well as the commercially available lactobacilli strains, alone or in combination, or in combination with some conventionally used antibiotics, as therapeutics against bacterial infection to humans.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Potentiality of Commercially Available Probiotic Lactobacilli and Curd Lactobacilli Strains, Alone and in Combination, against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Halder¹,

Shyamapada²

2016

Transl Biomed

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“…However, a disturbing increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria, coupled with the recent poor success rate of the pharmaceutical industry's antibiotic discovery programs, is a cause for significant concern. Further, there are reports about Salmonella strains showing increased MICs to antibiotics of choice [2,3]. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative new classes of antimicrobial compounds that can be used in the management of Salmonella infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Cryptdin-2 as an Adjunct to Antibiotics from Various Generations Against Salmonella

2014

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Emerging drug resistance in Salmonella coupled with the recent poor success rate of antibiotic discovery programs of the pharmaceutical industry is a cause for significant concern. It has forced the scientific community to look for alternative new classes of antimicrobial compounds. In this context, combinations of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and conventional antibiotics have gained interest owing to their versatile applications. The present study was therefore planned to evaluate the synergistic effects, if any, of cryptdin-2, a mouse Paneth cell alphadefensin, in combination with four different antibiotics i.e. ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and chloramphenicol, which are conventionally used against Salmonella. Minimum bactericidal concentrations of the selected antimicrobial agents were determined by micro and macro broth dilution assays. In-vitro synergy between the agents was evaluated by fractional bactericidal concentration index (checkerboard test) and time-kill assay. Cryptdin-2-ciprofloxacin, cryptdin-2-ceftriaxone and cryptdin-2-cefotaxime combinations were found synergistic as evident by in vitro assays. This synergism provides an additional therapeutic choice by allowing the use of conventional antibiotics in conjunction with AMPs against MDR Salmonella.

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“…This problem has prompted efforts towards the development of effective alternatives with limited avenues for bacterial drug resistance. Therefore, to combat such infections and to reduce the chances of emergence of resistance, co-therapy using two or more antimicrobial agents is being exploited [6]–[8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Value Addition in the Efficacy of Conventional Antibiotics by Nisin against Salmonella

2013

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Frequent and indiscriminate use of existing battery of antibiotics has led to the development of multi drug resistant (MDR) strains of pathogens. As decreasing the concentration of the antibiotic required to treat Salmonellosis might help in combating the development of resistant strains, the present study was designed to assess the synergistic effects, if any, of nisin, in combination with conventional anti-Salmonella antibiotics against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the selected antimicrobial agents were determined by micro and macro broth dilution assays. In-vitro synergy between the agents was evaluated by radial diffusion assay, fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index (checkerboard test) and time-kill assay. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also performed to substantiate the effect of the combinations. In-vivo synergistic efficacy of the combinations selected on the basis of in-vitro results was also evaluated in the murine model, in terms of reduction in the number of Salmonellae in liver, spleen and intestine. Nisin-ampicillin and nisin-EDTA combinations were observed to have additive effects, whereas the combinations of nisin-ceftriaxone and nisin-cefotaxime were found to be highly synergistic against serovar Typhimurium as evident by checkerboard test and time-kill assay. SEM results revealed marked changes on the outer membrane of the bacterial cells treated with various combinations. In-vivo synergy was evident from the larger log unit decreases in all the target organs of mice treated with the combinations than in those treated with drugs alone. This study thus highlights that nisin has the potential to act in conjunction with conventional antibiotics at much lower MICs. These observations seem to be significant, as reducing the therapeutic concentrations of antibiotics may be a valuable strategy for avoiding/reducing the development of emerging antibiotic resistance. Value added potential of nisin in the efficacy of conventional antibiotics may thus be exploited not only against Salmonella but against other Gram-negative infections as well.

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Augmentation of antimicrobial activity of conventional antibiotics by cell-free extract of L. plantarum

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Antibacterial Potentiality of Commercially Available Probiotic Lactobacilli and Curd Lactobacilli Strains, Alone and in Combination, against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Antibacterial Potentiality of Commercially Available Probiotic Lactobacilli and Curd Lactobacilli Strains, Alone and in Combination, against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Efficacy of Cryptdin-2 as an Adjunct to Antibiotics from Various Generations Against Salmonella

Value Addition in the Efficacy of Conventional Antibiotics by Nisin against Salmonella

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