Augmentation of Tendon-to-Bone Healing with a Magnesium-Based Bone Adhesive

Abstract

Further studies are needed to investigate the clinical potential of this bone adhesive to enhance healing and decrease recovery time in soft-tissue ligament reconstruction.

Cationised gelatin and hyaluronic acid coating enhances polyethylene terephthalate artificial ligament graft osseointegration in porcine bone tunnels

“…Both groups revealed enlarged bone tunnels at the proximal site. Tunnel enlargement indicated that the natural graft-bone healing is not satisfactory with a fibrous scar tissue layer formation at the graft-bone interface [24,32,33]. As demonstrated, tunnel widening or enlargement frequently occurred due to excessive graft-tunnel motion, so as to delay graft incorporation in the bone tunnel [34,35].…”

“…Fibrous scar tissue formation has been shown to be an incomplete healing response [24]. This kind of immature granulation fibrous layer is extremely weak and will significantly influence the graft stability in the bone tunnel.…”

Enhancement of tendon–bone healing via the combination of biodegradable collagen-loaded nanofibrous membranes and a three-dimensional printed bone-anchoring bolt

“…Tendon-bone healing is vital for the ultimate success of various surgical procedures performed to repair injured tendons. 3,21,22 Reports indicated that enveloping the tendon graft with periosteum may improve osseous ingrowth and healing at the tendon-bone interface because periosteum has a unique population of mesenchymal stem cells to form various connective tissues and induce new bone formation. 8,9,23,24 Although enveloping the grafts with periosteum appears to be a promising approach, clinical evidence supporting its use in humans to augment tendon-bone healing is still lacking, and donor site morbidity is an inevi- the tendon graft to promote tendon-bone healing.…”

“…2 However, the healing rate of the tendon in the bone tunnel is relatively slow due to the lack of a suitable biointerface between the tendon graft and bone tunnel for efficient integration. 3,4 Orthopedic basic science research strategies aiming to augment tendon-bone healing include the use of osteoinductive growth factors, platelet-rich plasma, and enveloping the grafts with periosteum or osteoconductive materials. [5][6][7][8][9] In addition, numerous studies have clinically demonstrated the promotion of tendon-bone anchoring by fixation with a biodegradable interference screw or press-fit bone plug.…”

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy: a potential strategy to stimulate tendon-bone junction healing

“…Increasing the integrity of the healing of T-B interface has been attempted by adopting a number of different augmentation strategies ( Fig. 1) with the use of bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (Soon et al, 2007), calcium phosphate (Mutsuzaki et al, 2011), bone marrow or periosteum (Chen, 2009;Karaoglu et al, 2009), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (Hashimoto et al, 2007), synovial MSCs (Ju et al, 2008), injectable tricalcium phosphate (Huangfu and Zhao, 2007), brushite calcium phosphate cement (Wen et al, 2009), transforming growth factor-β3 (Kovacevic et al, 2011), granulocyte colonystimulating factor (Sasaki et al, 2008), hyperbaric oxygen treatment (Young and Dyson, 1990), magnesium-based bone adhesive (Gulotta et al, 2008), and shock-wave therapy (Wang et al, 2011). However, shock-wave therapy is the only currently reported method of exogenous stimulation to enhance early healing between the grafted tendon and bone tunnel.…”