Austenite Grain Growth and Precipitate Evolution in a Carburizing Steel with Combined Niobium and Molybdenum Additions

Enloe, Charles M.; Findley, Kip O.; Speer, John G.

doi:10.1007/s11661-015-3103-1

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The terms of t and n can be absorbed into A. The quantitative expresses of the austenite grain growth model were shown in Equation (2), Equation (3) and Equation (4). The value of Q of nitro-gen steel and VÀ N steel is very close and much lower than that of VÀ TiÀ N steel at the soaking temperature above 1050°C.…”

Section: Austenite Grain Growth Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the benefit of refining the microstructure and precipitation strengthening, the microalloying and thermo-mechanical control processing have been used to obtain the best combination of strength and toughness. Therefore, microalloy additions have been widely employed in automotive steels [4,5]. Vanadium (V), the most common mi-croalloying element, has been usually added to medium carbon steels containing nitrogen to increases strength through refining grain size and precipitation strengthening [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of micro alloying elements (vanadium, titanium) additions on the austenite grain growth behavior in medium carbon steel containing nitrogen

Wen

Zhang

Gou³

et al. 2020

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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The austenite grain growth behavior of microalloying elements free steel (nitrogen steel) and micro alloyed steel (V−N steel and V−Ti−N steel) was investigated. The equilibrium dissolving behavior of precipitates was calculated by thermodynamic software and the morphology was observed by tunneling electron microscope. Moreover, grain growth kinetics was analyzed through theoretical calculation. Results show that the austenite grain size of V−N steel and V−Ti−N steel are significantly refined by the undissolved precipitates compared to nitrogen steel. Due to higher dissolving temperature of (vanadium, titanium)(carbon, nitrogen), the austenite grain of V−Ti−N steel keeps fine and increases slowly from 900 °C to 1250 °C. The difference of activation energy between V−N steel and V−Ti−N steel was supposed to come from the effect of different kinds of precipitates on the austenite grain growth. Compared to the vanadium rich (vanadium, titanium)(carbon, nitrogen), the titanium rich (vanadium, titanium)(carbon, nitrogen) is larger and more stable in view of its existence at higher temperature. The decrease of pinning forces can be attributed to the decrease of volume fraction and increase of radius of (vanadium, titanium)(carbon, nitrogen). Compared with critical grain sizes, the larger experimental grain sizes lead to grain growth from 900 °C to 1250 °C.

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Section: Austenite Grain Growth Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of micro alloying elements (vanadium, titanium) additions on the austenite grain growth behavior in medium carbon steel containing nitrogen

Wen

Zhang

Gou³

et al. 2020

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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show abstract

“…Al, V, Nb, Ti, and N, called "micro alloying," results in the dispersion of fine precipitates of carbide, nitride, and carbo-nitride, such as AlN, V(C,N), Nb(C,N) and Ti(C,N) in steel. [7][8][9][10][11][12] These precipitates then act as pinning particles, preventing grain growth. Selecting a suitable heat treatment is key to achieving uniformly distributed fine precipitates.…”

Section: Effects Of Fine Precipitates On Austenite Grain Refinement Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) This relationship is generally applicable not only to yield stress, but also to ultimate tensile stress and cleavage fracture toughness. 2) The grain refinement of steels can be achieved via various methods, such as cyclic heat treatment, [3][4][5][6] micro alloying, [7][8][9][10][11][12] ausforming, 13) recrystallization after large strain deformation, 14) mechanical milling, 14) accumulative roll-bonding, 15) and so on. From the viewpoints of applicability to mass production and economic efficiency, micro alloying and cyclic heat treatment are the most promising methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Fine Precipitates on Austenite Grain Refinement of Micro-alloyed Steel during Cyclic Heat Treatment

et al. 2019

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“…Increasing the carburizing temperature and carburizing time will reinforce the carburizing effect but increase domain growth and distortion. On the other hand, insufficient carburizing depth and surface carbon phenomenon occurs with low carburizing temperature and short carburizing time [16,17]. Therefore, the method of carburizing with high-carbon potential and low temperature diffusion is used to solve this contradiction.…”

Section: Heat Treatment Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement and Analysis of Fatigue Strength for Mild Steel 20MnCrS5 during Carburizing and Quenching

Miao

Wang

et al. 2019

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Distortion and fatigue are both important criteria for evaluating carburizing and quenching process. An optimized process was proposed to reduce distortion and improve fatigue strength simultaneously. Mild steel 20MnCrS5 were heat treated using standard condition and optimized condition respectively. The microstructure, hardness, residual stress, domain size, fatigue performance and crack growth rate with different conditions were studied. Due to carburization, the near surface of the materials have different microstructures with different carbon concentration. The carburized layer, subsurface layer and central layer were selected to prepare the fatigue specimens and to be evaluated. The strengthening effect was verified by comparing the fatigue limit and the crack growth rate. The strengthening mechanism was analyzed by comparing microstructure, retained austenite, residual stress and domain size. The results show that with the optimized condition the fatigue performance at different layers are improved while achieving higher surface hardness. The joint action of domain refinement, more compressive residual stress and less retained austenite results in the strengthening.

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Austenite Grain Growth and Precipitate Evolution in a Carburizing Steel with Combined Niobium and Molybdenum Additions

Cited by 33 publications

References 50 publications

The effect of micro alloying elements (vanadium, titanium) additions on the austenite grain growth behavior in medium carbon steel containing nitrogen

The effect of micro alloying elements (vanadium, titanium) additions on the austenite grain growth behavior in medium carbon steel containing nitrogen

Effects of Fine Precipitates on Austenite Grain Refinement of Micro-alloyed Steel during Cyclic Heat Treatment

Improvement and Analysis of Fatigue Strength for Mild Steel 20MnCrS5 during Carburizing and Quenching

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