Austenite stability in Fe–Mn–Si-based shape memory alloys

Stanford, Nicole; Dunne, D. P.; Monaghan, Brian J

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.04.054

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The EDS results on 25Mn and 27Mn alloys indicated that its Mn and Ni contents were markedly higher than those of austenite. By SADP they determined that it was the χ-phase, which is in agreement with the results of Stanford et al [14]. In the cast Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni alloys, the χ-phase precipitated during the solidification process between the ferrite dendrites by a process which is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Also, it is a commonly recognized precipitate that forms in the ferrite/austenite phase boundary of duplex stainless steel alloys. Our X-ray measurements correspond to a lower symmetry cubic space group with a cell parameter smaller than the one determined by Stanford et al [14], as we show in Table 7. These authors claim that the alloy phase constitution might significantly change after adding 1 wt.% Al, which is absent in the alloy under study.…”

Section: Phase Analysissupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Stanford et al [14] investigated the stability of austenite in a number of Fe-Mn-Si-based SMAs. They found that grain-boundary BCC structure precipitates formed over a wide range of alloy compositions and heat-treatment temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of phases in an Fe–Mn–Si–Cr–Ni shape memory alloy processed by different thermomechanical methods

Fuster

Druker

Baruj

et al. 2015

Materials Characterization

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Phase Analysissupporting

confidence: 50%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization of phases in an Fe–Mn–Si–Cr–Ni shape memory alloy processed by different thermomechanical methods

Fuster

Druker

Baruj

et al. 2015

Materials Characterization

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“…The production of stress induced martensite (ε, hcp) from parent austenite phase (γ, fcc) and the reverse transformation (γ to ε) during the heating cycle are the origins of SME in this alloying system [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. This non-thermoelastic or semi-thermoelastic conversion occurred by the creation of stacking faults (SFs) due to the movement of the Shockley partial dislocations (a γ /6 <112>) in the parent phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transformation during mechano-synthesis of nanocrystalline/amorphous Fe–32Mn–6Si alloys

Amini

Shamsipoor

Ghaffari

et al. 2013

Materials Characterization

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Mechano-synthesis of Fe-32Mn-6Si alloy by mechanical alloying of the elemental powder mixtures was evaluated by running the ball milling process under an inert argon gas atmosphere. In order to characterize the as-milled powders, powder sampling was performed at predetermined intervals from 0.5 to 192 h. X-ray florescence analyzer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and high resolution transmission electron microscope were utilized to investigate the chemical composition, structural evolution, morphological changes, and microstructure of the as-milled powders, respectively.According to the results, the nanocrystalline Fe-Mn-Si alloys were completely synthesized after 48 h of milling. Moreover, the formation of a considerable amount of amorphous phase during the milling process was indicated by quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis as well as high resolution transmission electron microscopy image and its selected area diffraction pattern. It was found that the α-to-γ and subsequently the amorphous-to-crystalline (especially martensite) phase transformation occurred by milling development. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords:Fe-Mn-Si shape memory alloys Mechanical alloyingPhase transformation Nanostructural/amorphous phase Microstructure IntroductionFe-Mn-Si alloys are a class of smart materials due to their suitable shape memory effect (SME), excellent machinability and formability, low cost, good weldability and corrosion resistance, and high strength having several industrial applications such as dampers, pipe couplings, big shape memory devices, hard metals or alloys joining, oxygen blowing nozzles and so on [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The production of stress induced martensite (ε, hcp) from parent austenite phase (γ, fcc) and the reverse transformation (γ to ε) during the heating cycle are the origins of SME in this alloying system [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. This non-thermoelastic or semi-thermoelastic conversion occurred by the creation of stacking faults (SFs) due to the movement of the Shockley partial dislocations (a γ /6 <112>) in the parent phase. SFs are suitable sites for nucleation of the martensite phase; eventually, the ε-phase can be formed by their overlap [12,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23].Although induction melting under an argon gas atmosphere is widely utilized to produce Fe-based SMAs, solid-state routes such as mechanical alloying (MA) can be used to produce the alloys in the powder form [24]. During MA, by applying the high energy collision between ball and particles and consequently the repeated cold welding and fracture of the powders, not only is the alloying process attained but also the synthesis of the non-equilibrium structures such as supersaturated solid solutions, nanocrystalline and amorphous structures, and intermetallic compounds is possible [24][25][26][27][28].Recently, MA has been widely used to synthesize nanocrystalline and amorphous SMAs [29][30][31], although limited investigations have been done on Fe-Mn-Si alloys.

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“…This indicates that particle 2 is M 23 C 6 carbide. The single -phase has also been observed for the Fe-Mn-Si-Cr 22) and Fe-14Mn-6Si-10Cr-7Ni-0.026C 24) alloys. The single M 23 C 6 carbide has also been observed for the Fe-15Mn-5Si-8Cr-4Ni-0.18C and Fe-13.53Mn-4.86Si-8.16Cr-3.82Ni-0.16C alloys.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Effects of Carbon Content and Thermo-Mechanical Treatment on Fe59Mn30Si6Cr5CX (X=0.015–0.1 mass%) Shape Memory Alloys

Yang

Lin

et al. 2008

Mater. Trans.

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Slight amounts of carbon (0:015{0:1 mass%) were added into the Fe-30Mn-6Si-5Cr shape memory alloy. The microstructure, precipitation behaviour and shape memory performance of these Fe 59 Mn 30 Si 6 Cr 5 C X alloys with various thermo-mechanical treatments were investigated. Experimental results show that two particles, the -phase and M 23 C 6 carbide, are observed within the grain-boundary phases. M 23 C 6 carbide only appears in an alloy with high carbon content, but the -phase can form in all alloys with low and high carbon contents. The deformationinduced defects in the 10% pre-deformed specimens are preferential sites for nucleation of precipitates (the -phase and M 23 C 6 carbide) in the following aging treatment. After 550{800 C aging, the rearranged uniform defects and homogeneous precipitates within the grain interior will strengthen the matrix and increase the shape recovery ability. After 850{900 C aging, both the uniform defects and homogeneous precipitates disappear due to recrystallization, and hence the specimen's shape recovery ratios are significantly reduced.

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Austenite stability in Fe–Mn–Si-based shape memory alloys

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Characterization of phases in an Fe–Mn–Si–Cr–Ni shape memory alloy processed by different thermomechanical methods

Characterization of phases in an Fe–Mn–Si–Cr–Ni shape memory alloy processed by different thermomechanical methods

Phase transformation during mechano-synthesis of nanocrystalline/amorphous Fe–32Mn–6Si alloys

Effects of Carbon Content and Thermo-Mechanical Treatment on Fe<SUB>59</SUB>Mn<SUB>30</SUB>Si<SUB>6</SUB>Cr<SUB>5</SUB>C<I><SUB>X</SUB></I> (<I>X</I>=0.015–0.1 mass%) Shape Memory Alloys

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Austenite stability in Fe–Mn–Si-based shape memory alloys

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Characterization of phases in an Fe–Mn–Si–Cr–Ni shape memory alloy processed by different thermomechanical methods

Characterization of phases in an Fe–Mn–Si–Cr–Ni shape memory alloy processed by different thermomechanical methods

Phase transformation during mechano-synthesis of nanocrystalline/amorphous Fe–32Mn–6Si alloys

Effects of Carbon Content and Thermo-Mechanical Treatment on Fe<SUB>59</SUB>Mn<SUB>30</SUB>Si<SUB>6</SUB>Cr<SUB>5</SUB>C<I><SUB>X</SUB></I> (<I>X</I>=0.015&ndash;0.1 mass%) Shape Memory Alloys

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Effects of Carbon Content and Thermo-Mechanical Treatment on Fe<SUB>59</SUB>Mn<SUB>30</SUB>Si<SUB>6</SUB>Cr<SUB>5</SUB>C<I><SUB>X</SUB></I> (<I>X</I>=0.015–0.1 mass%) Shape Memory Alloys