Australia in 2030: what is our path to health for all?

Backholer, Kathryn; Baum, Fran; Finlay, Summer May; Friel, Sharon; Giles‐Corti, Billie; Jones, Alexandra; Patrick, Rebecca; Shill, Jane; Townsend, Belinda; Armstrong, Fiona; Baker, Phil; Bowen, Kathryn; Browne, Jennifer; Büsst, Cara; Butt, Andrew; Canuto, Karla; Canuto, Kootsy; Capon, Anthony; Corben, Kirstan; Daube, Mike; Goldfeld, Sharon; Grenfell, Robert; Gunn, Lucy; Harris, Patrick; Horton, Kellie; Keane, Lewis; Lacy-Nichols, Jennifer; Lo, Selina; Lovett, Raymond; Lowe, Melanie; Martin, Jane; Neal, Nadia; Peeters, Anna; Pettman, Tahna; Thoms, Aileen; Thow, Anne Marie; Timperio, Anna; Williams, Carmel; Wright, Annemarie; Zapata-Diomedi, Belén; Demaio, Alessandro

doi:10.5694/mja2.51020

Cited by 51 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…Other prominent social determinants of health derived from the thematic analysis of literature were connected to social and cultural responses for health equity. Not only the health care sector, but also, the education sector, administrators, financial systems, reimbursement mechanisms, industry, community centers, civil society groups, social networks, political organizations, even artists or cultural workers among others play a critical role in creating conditions for intersectoral collaboration and distributing resources that promote health equity ( 125 – 134 ). Theses roles appear, indeed, disconnected from the main discourse on the matters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections and Biases in Health Equity and Culture Research: A Semantic Network Analysis

Martínez-García

Camacho

Hernández‐Lemus

2022

Front. Public Health

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Health equity is a rather complex issue. Social context and economical disparities, are known to be determining factors. Cultural and educational constrains however, are also important contributors to the establishment and development of health inequities. As an important starting point for a comprehensive discussion, a detailed analysis of the literature corpus is thus desirable: we need to recognize what has been done, under what circumstances, even what possible sources of bias exist in our current discussion on this relevant issue. By finding these trends and biases we will be better equipped to modulate them and find avenues that may lead us to a more integrated view of health inequity, potentially enhancing our capabilities to intervene to ameliorate it. In this study, we characterized at a large scale, the social and cultural determinants most frequently reported in current global research of health inequity and the interrelationships among them in different populations under diverse contexts. We used a data/literature mining approach to the current literature followed by a semantic network analysis of the interrelationships discovered. The analyzed structured corpus consisted in circa 950 articles categorized by means of the Medical Subheadings (MeSH) content-descriptor from 2014 to 2021. Further analyses involved systematic searches in the LILACS and DOAJ databases, as additional sources. The use of data analytics techniques allowed us to find a number of non-trivial connections, pointed out to existing biases and under-represented issues and let us discuss what are the most relevant concepts that are (and are not) being discussed in the context of Health Equity and Culture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections and Biases in Health Equity and Culture Research: A Semantic Network Analysis

Martínez-García

Camacho

Hernández‐Lemus

2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Holistic approaches to defining and assessing frailty are required for this to be closely aligned with Indigenous definitions of health and perspectives on aging, incorporating social, emotional and cultural well-being of the community as a whole ( 21 ). Social and cultural factors that reflect the experiences of Indigenous Peoples including early life experiences, social capital, cultural connectivity, language, and engagement in traditional culture ( 45 , 46 ) could also be considered in future research investigating frailty in Indigenous populations. Frailty tools could also be strengthened with assessment items including characteristics such as resilience, vitality, individual and community strengths as opposed to the current deficit frameworks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frailty in Indigenous Populations: A Scoping Review

Lewis

Howard

Cardona

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Background: Indigenous populations experience high rates of age-related illness when compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts. Frailty is a challenging expression of aging and an important public health priority. The purpose of this review was to map what the existing literature reports around frailty in Indigenous populations and to highlight the current gaps in frailty research within the Indigenous landscape.Method: Scoping review of English language original research articles focusing on frailty within Indigenous adult populations in settler colonial countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand and USA). Ten electronic databases and eight relevant institutional websites were searched from inception to October 2020.Results: Nine articles met our inclusion criteria, finding this population having a higher prevalence of frailty and frailty occurring at younger ages when compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts, but two did not use a formal frailty tool. Females presented with higher levels of frailty. No culturally specific frailty tool was identified, and the included articles did not assess strategies or interventions to manage or prevent frailty in Indigenous peoples.Conclusions: There was little definitive evidence of the true frailty prevalence, approaches to frailty screening and of potential points of intervention to manage or prevent the onset of frailty. Improvements in the quality of evidence are urgently needed, along with further research to determine the factors contributing to higher rates of frailty within Indigenous populations. Incorporation of Indigenous views of frailty, and instruments and programs that are led and designed by Indigenous communities, are crucial to address this public health priority.

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“…Lastly, a general challenge that may limit the usefulness of evaluation studies is that many cities often do not include evaluation efforts as part of the policies aiming to promote public health [ 1 ••, 73 , 74 ]. Such policies require an evaluation component that explicitly incorporates estimation of environmental health impacts at multiple policy process stages aiming to monitor and improve the effectiveness of the policies [ 75 ].…”

Section: Main Challenges and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Evaluating Environmental Health Impacts at Different Stages of the Policy Process in Cities

Benavides

Rowland

Shearston

et al. 2022

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of Review Evaluating the environmental health impacts of urban policies is critical for developing and implementing policies that lead to more healthy and equitable cities. This article aims to (1) identify research questions commonly used when evaluating the health impacts of urban policies at different stages of the policy process, (2) describe commonly used methods, and (3) discuss challenges, opportunities, and future directions. Recent Findings In the diagnosis and design stages of the policy process, research questions aim to characterize environmental problems affecting human health and to estimate the potential impacts of new policies. Simulation methods using existing exposure–response information to estimate health impacts predominate at these stages of the policy process. In subsequent stages, e.g., during implementation, research questions aim to understand the actual policy impacts. Simulation methods or observational methods, which rely on experimental data gathered in the study area to assess the effectiveness of the policy, can be applied at these stages. Increasingly, novel techniques fuse both simulation and observational methods to enhance the robustness of impact evaluations assessing implemented policies. Summary The policy process consists of interdependent stages, from inception to end, but most reviewed studies focus on single stages, neglecting the continuity of the policy life cycle. Studies assessing the health impacts of policies using a multi-stage approach are lacking. Most studies investigate intended impacts of policies; focusing also on unintended impacts may provide a more comprehensive evaluation of policies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40572-022-00349-5.

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Australia in 2030: what is our path to health for all?

Cited by 51 publications

References 170 publications

Connections and Biases in Health Equity and Culture Research: A Semantic Network Analysis

Connections and Biases in Health Equity and Culture Research: A Semantic Network Analysis

Frailty in Indigenous Populations: A Scoping Review

Methods for Evaluating Environmental Health Impacts at Different Stages of the Policy Process in Cities

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