Australian net (1950s–1990) soil organic carbon erosion: implications for CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; emission and land–atmosphere modelling

Chappell, Adrian; Webb, Nicholas P.; Rossel, Raphael A. Viscarra; Bui, Elisabeth N.

doi:10.5194/bgd-11-6793-2014

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The sum of 226 Mt/year (226 Tg/year or 0.23 Pg/year) is broadly consistent with the global regional estimates of gross water and tillage erosion from croplands and pasture in Australia [37]. Estimates of 137 Cs-derived net (1950's-1990) soil redistribution by wind, water and tillage from rangeland and agricultural Australia amount to about 3% and <1%, respectively of the global total [25] removing approximately 2% of the total SOC stock (0-10 cm) from the land surface over this ca 40-year period [38].…”

Section: Soil Erosion Still Remains a Major Threat To Soil Securitysupporting

confidence: 67%

Monitor Soil Degradation or Triage for Soil Security? An Australian Challenge

Koch

Chappell

Eyres³

et al. 2015

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The Australian National Soil Research, Development and Extension Strategy identifies soil security as a foundation for the current and future productivity and profitability of Australian agriculture. Current agricultural production is attenuated by soil degradation. Future production is highly dependent on the condition of Australian soils. Soil degradation in Australia is dominated in its areal extent by soil erosion. We reiterate the use of soil erosion as a reliable indicator of soil condition/quality and a practical measure of soil degradation. We describe three key phases of soil degradation since European settlement, and show a clear link between inappropriate agricultural practices and the resultant soil degradation. We demonstrate that modern agricultural practices have had a marked effect on reducing erosion. Current advances in agricultural soil management could lead to further stabilization and slowing of soil degradation in addition to improving productivity. However, policy complacency towards soil degradation, combined with future climate projections of increased rainfall intensity but decreased volumes, warmer temperatures and increased time in drought may once again accelerate soil degradation and susceptibility to erosion and thus limit the ability of agriculture to advance without further improving soil management practices. Monitoring soil degradation may indicate land OPEN ACCESS

show abstract

Section: Soil Erosion Still Remains a Major Threat To Soil Securitysupporting

confidence: 67%

Monitor Soil Degradation or Triage for Soil Security? An Australian Challenge

Koch

Chappell

Eyres³

et al. 2015

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A global N deposition model product from 1860 to 2100 offers dynamic forcing variables for coupled C‐N models [ Lamarque et al , ]. Simulating horizontal and vertical movements caused by soil erosion at regional and global scales will require a global net soil redistribution map [ Chappell et al , ] to provide boundary conditions for global land models.…”

Section: External Variables To Soil C Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward more realistic projections of soil carbon dynamics by Earth system models

Luo

Ahlström

Allison

et al. 2016

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

398

360

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soil carbon (C) is a critical component of Earth system models (ESMs), and its diverse representations are a major source of the large spread across models in the terrestrial C sink from the third to fifth assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Improving soil C projections is of a high priority for Earth system modeling in the future IPCC and other assessments. To achieve this goal, we suggest that (1) model structures should reflect real-world processes, (2) parameters should be calibrated to match model outputs with observations, and (3) external forcing variables should accurately prescribe the environmental conditions that soils experience. First, most soil C cycle models simulate C input from litter production and C release through decomposition. The latter process has traditionally been represented by first-order decay functions, regulated primarily by temperature, moisture, litter quality, and soil texture. While this formulation well captures macroscopic soil organic C (SOC) dynamics, better understanding is needed of their underlying mechanisms as related to microbial processes, depth-dependent environmental controls, and other processes that strongly affect soil C dynamics. Second, incomplete use of observations in model parameterization is a major cause of bias in soil C projections from ESMs. Optimal parameter calibration with both pool-and flux-based data sets through data assimilation is LUO ET AL.SOIL CARBON MODELING 40 PUBLICATIONS

show abstract

“…Soil erosion is not explicitly included in Australian national SOC stock accounting, which renders estimates of CO 2 flux from soils highly uncertain. The inclusion of an erosion component may reduce that uncertainty [34], [36], [41] and improve the accuracy for the reporting of GHG emissions. Measuring wind-eroded SOC in the dust cycle is therefore essential to quantify the release of CO 2 from SOC dust to the atmosphere and the contribution of SOC deposition to downwind C depositional sites.…”

Section: Soc Stock Measuring Challenges In Eroded Landscapesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Eroding and Depositional Landscapes

Olson¹,

Al‐Kaisi²,

Lal³

et al. 2016

OJSS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As a requisite to determining management practice effects on stored soil organic carbon (SOC) stock in a landscape unit, the baseline SOC stock with depth must be determined and the land use, management practices and erosion-induced changes measured periodically or over a period of time. The SOC loss and additions due to soil erosion, transport and deposition must be accounted for or be quantified when determining the real impact of the management practices on net SOC stock over time. Quantifying the SOC loss due to erosion will help avoid over estimation of the management practice performances. Appropriate soil sampling designs and sampling procedures are needed to establish a SOC stock baseline and to monitor and verify new SOC storage or sequestration as a result of a management practice. The Dinesen Prairie landscape in western Iowa, USA was sampled to provide a SOC stock baseline and then the adjacent cropland was sampled to determine the past impact of land use change, management practices and erosion on SOC stock retention. After 100 to 150 years of farming, the entire cropland landscape retained only 49% of the baseline prairie SOC stock. Only the cropland toe-slope (TS) retained more SOC stock than the prairie TS as a result of the erosion, transport and deposition of SOC rich sediment on the TS.

show abstract

Australian net (1950s–1990) soil organic carbon erosion: implications for CO<sub>2</sub> emission and land–atmosphere modelling

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Monitor Soil Degradation or Triage for Soil Security? An Australian Challenge

Monitor Soil Degradation or Triage for Soil Security? An Australian Challenge

Toward more realistic projections of soil carbon dynamics by Earth system models

Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics in Eroding and Depositional Landscapes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About