Austrian regions in the age of globalisation: Trade exposure, urban dynamics and structural change

Abstract

This paper deals with globalisation and urban agglomeration effects on regional employment growth in the agricultural, mining and manufacturing industries. Globalisation's impacts are estimated via import and export exposure measures considering trade with those former Comecon members which accessed the EU, as well as China, the observation period is 1991–2011. Results show that trade exposure with former Comecon members affects regional employment growth in Austria negatively despite a considerable trade surplus. Concerning China, the impacts of import exposure are surprisingly weak while export exposure displays strong positive effects. Population density shows a U‐shaped pattern, suggesting that large urban agglomerations offer some advantages for employment growth in the considered industries.

It’s the end of globalization as we know it! Befunde und Kontroversen zur politischen Ökonomie der Hyperglobalisierung

“…Auch für Österreich lassen sich arbeitsmarktbezogene Auswirkungen der Globalisierung zeigen, wobei eine starke positive Korrelation des regionalen Beschäftigungswachstums mit Exporten nach China beobachtet werden kann; für chinesische Importe ergibt sich hingegen nur ein schwacher negativer Zusammenhang (vgl. Sardadvar & Reiner 2021).…”