Authentication of yerba mate according to the country of origin by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) associated with chemometrics

Abstract

This study deals with the development of a method for classification of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) using attenuated total-reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and multivariate analysis. Fifty-four brands of yerba mate from southern South America were analysed in order to classify the commercialised yerba mate according to the respective country of yerba mate processing. The yerba mate was ground in a cryogenic mill, and the reflectance was directly measured in the region ranging from 4000 to 650 cm(-1). Different pre-processing algorithms and three methods of multivariate analysis were investigated, including principal component analysis (PCA), partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and support vector machine discriminant analysis (SVM-DA). The yerba mate classification was 100% correct when the reflectance spectra were pre-treated (derived at first order, normalised by standard normal variation, smoothed and mean centred) and analysed using the SVM-DA method.

Multifunctional MgO/HKUST-1 Composite for Capture, Catalysis, and Cyclic Cataluminescence Detection of Esters All-In-One to Rapidly Identify Scented Products

“…Plant products have land-based characteristics by nature and geographical origin. 54 We have described that the CCTL system could obtain a series of multistage signals (I n ) in a single sample injection, and I n could be applied to classify scented products. The raw data of multistage signals were normalized and subsequently directly subjected to LDA and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA).…”

“…The CCTL system can realize the identification of essential oils. Plant products have land-based characteristics by nature and geographical origin . We have described that the CCTL system could obtain a series of multistage signals ( I n ) in a single sample injection, and I n could be applied to classify scented products.…”

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Extracts from Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) Wastes

“…A broadband centered around 3370 cm −1 is assigned to the stretching modes of O-H groups and to the hydroxyl groups involved in an intermolecular hydrogen bond [36], present in compounds such as chlorogenic acid, saponins and others. The band observed in the region from 3000 to 2800 cm −1 is assigned to a stretching vibration of aliphatic CH, CH 2 and CH 3 groups, while that in the region from 1800 to 1500 cm −1 is due to the carbonyl group of esters, amides, acids and other compounds such as xanthines and saponins, which are present in the yerba mate [37]. The bands observed in the region from 1500 to 1250 cm −1 and those in the regions ranging from 1300 to 1000 cm −1 are due the scissor vibration of CH 3 and CH 2 and, the stretching vibration of the C-O bonds, respectively [37].…”

A rapid and non-invasive method for the classification of natural tannin extracts by near-infrared spectroscopy and PLS-DA

“…Recently, Marcelo et al presented an application using multivariate classication methods, including PLS-DA and SVM-DA, on yerba mate data from different regions of Mercosul, obtained either by NIR or FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. 34,40 The combination of spectroscopy techniques with classication tools allowed these authors to infer the geographic origin and the authenticity of yerba mate samples.…”