Authentication scheme for routine verification of genetically similar laboratory colonies: a trial with Anopheles gambiae

Abstract

Background: When rearing morphologically indistinguishable laboratory strains concurrently, the threat of unintentional genetic contamination is constant. Avoidance of accidental mixing of strains is difficult due to the use of common equipment, technician error, or the possibility of self relocation by adult mosquitoes ("free fliers"). In many cases, laboratory strains are difficult to distinguish because of morphological and genetic similarity, especially when laboratory colonies are isolates of certain traits from the same parental strain, such as eye color mutants, individuals with certain chromosomal arrangements or high levels of insecticide resistance. Thus, proving genetic integrity could seem incredibly time-consuming or impossible. On the other hand, lacking proof of genetically isolated laboratory strains could question the validity of research results.

Insecticide Resistance Profiling of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae Populations in the Southern Senegal: Role of Target Sites and Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms

“…The genomic DNA was extracted from single mosquito's wings and legs using the Livak method [25], then the members of the An. gambiae complex were identified by the PCR [26,27] 2.7. Molecular Genotyping of the Vgsc-1014F, Vgsc-1014S, N1575Y and G119S Mutations TaqMan assays were performed on the Agilent MX3005P qPCR (quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) system (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) to characterize the putative target site insecticide resistance mechanisms, including the Vgsc-1014F (West) and Vgsc-1014S (East) Kdr mutations [28], the N1575Y mutation [18] and the G119S Ace-1 mutation [29].…”

Laboratory and microcosm experiments reveal contrasted adaptive responses to ammonia and water mineralisation in aquatic stages of the sibling species Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles coluzzii

“…gambiae was also colonized at a time when contaminations from urbanisation were still low. This strain is also well known because it lacks any pesticide resistance mechanisms (54). It is noteworthy that metabolic insecticide resistance and ammonia detoxi cation pathways in mosquitoes have been described as distinct (55)(56)(57).…”

Laboratory and microcosm experiments reveal contrasted adaptive responses to ammonia and water mineralisation in aquatic stages of the sibling species Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles coluzzii

“…gambiae was also colonized at a time when contaminations from urbanisation were still low. This strain is also well known because it lacks any pesticide resistance mechanisms [55]. It is noteworthy that metabolic insecticide resistance and ammonia detoxi cation pathways in mosquitoes have been described as distinct [56][57][58].…”