Springorum (2002) focus on the German contexti nt heir texts. Cardinal'sdiscussionincludes novels (Bertha vonSuttner,Käte Kestien, Clara Viebig), novellas (ClaireG oll), diaries and memoirs (JoM ihaly/PieteK uhr,A nna Eisenmenger, AdaS chnee), fictional diaries (Adrienne Thomas), poetry (Berta Lask, Ricarda Huch), letters( Rosa Luxemburg), political writings (Clara Zetkin, HedwigD ohm, Annette Kolb), plays (Ilse Langner), songs (Hedda Zinner)a nd artwork (Käthe Kollwitz). See, for example,FriederikeEmonds'sexamination of the concepts of Heimat and Vaterland in Ilse Langner's Frau Emma kämpft im Hinterland (FrauE mma fights in the hinterland, 1929) (1998) and Inca Rumold's "Der Malik: Else Lasker-Schüler'sA nti-WarN ovel" (1998). Fori nstance, CarolineB land analyzes the notion of sacrificei nWorld WarInovels by Lily Braun and Clara Viebig (2007). See, for instance, Patricia Marchesi (2004). Forexample, Ulrike Tanzer (2013) and Dorothee Wierling( 2013) both examine archival materials to offer new insights regarding the livesa nd works of Rosa Mayreder and LilyB raun respectively,i np articular their evolvingt houghts on the war,women'sr oles and pacifism. See, for instance, ErikaQuinn's "At War: Thea vonHarbou, Women, and the Nation" (2017). related to the colonial wars and World WarIdrawso nm ultiple genres to deal with the complexities of violence and crisis. Novels, novellas and autobiographical accounts such as diaries, letters and reports,oralhistory (songs, interviews), visual art,p ublic lectures, and av ariety of print media, includingn ewspapers, magazines and journals provide generic frameworks to organize meaning.