The
state-of-the-art organic solar cells (OSCs) are basically
based
on halogenated active materials and solvents. However, halogens/halides
could be detrimental to the stability of OSCs due to their corrosiveness
to the interface and the electrode. On the other hand, the introduction
of halogens, especially the use of halogen solvents, could cause hazards
to the environment, further limiting the application of OSCs. Thus,
it is meaningful to explore and develop efficient and stable OSCs
based on halogen-free materials and solvents. It is demonstrated that
fully halogen-free OSCs deliver efficient performance as well with
an efficiency of 10.42%, based on the nonhalogenated active blend
PBDB-T:ITIC and the nonhalogenated processing solvent CS2. More importantly, superior thermal stability is achieved for the
halogen-free cells, with 95% of the initial efficiency retained in
1400 h under 85 °C in a N2 atmosphere, due to the
stabilized blend morphology and impeded corrosion of the metal electrode.
These results provide insights into the thermal degradation of OSCs
and suggest possible rules/directions for the design of active materials
and selection of solvents to achieve efficient and thermally stable
OSCs.