Authors’ reply: Ethnicity and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Pan, Daniel; Sze, Shirley; Nevill, Clareece R; Nellums, Laura B; Pareek, Manish

doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100686

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…While some African nations and South Asian countries with young populations report low incidence and mortality, genetic predisposition may limit viral infection and modulate COVID-19 immunopathogenesis [ 154 ]. For instance, irrespective of age, sex and co-morbidities, individuals with African descent in the UK and United States are associated with susceptibility [ 155 ], hospitalization [ 156 , 157 ] and mortality [ 156 ]. Similar observations have been reported in non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaskan Native populations [ 158 ] and among few Asian population with hospitalization and mortality [ 155 ].…”

Section: Covid 19: Relevance Of Host Genetic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host factors facilitating SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection and replication in the lungs

Boutin

Hildebrand

Boulant

et al. 2021

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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SARS-CoV-2 is the virus causing the major pandemic facing the world today. Although, SARS-CoV-2 primarily causes lung infection, a variety of symptoms have proven a systemic impact on the body. SARS-CoV-2 has spread in the community quickly infecting humans from all age, ethnicities and gender. However, fatal outcomes have been linked to specific host factors and co-morbidities such as age, hypertension, immuno-deficiencies, chronic lung diseases or metabolic disorders. A major shift in the microbiome of patients suffering of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have also been observed and is linked to a worst outcome of the disease. As many co-morbidities are already known to be associated with a dysbiosis of the microbiome such as hypertension, diabetes and metabolic disorders. Host factors and microbiome changes are believed to be involved as a network in the acquisition of the infection and the development of the diseases. We will review in detail in this manuscript, the immune response toward SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as the host factors involved in the facilitation and worsening of the infection. We will also address the impact of COVID-19 on the host’s microbiome and secondary infection which also worsen the disease.

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Section: Covid 19: Relevance Of Host Genetic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host factors facilitating SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection and replication in the lungs

Boutin

Hildebrand

Boulant

et al. 2021

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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“…According to previous clinical investigations, females are less likely to be infected and have lower cytokine production than previous clinical investigations ( 22 ). African and Asian races have a higher chance of acquiring COVID-19 than Caucasian people; Asians may also have a higher chance of hospitalization and mortality ( 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Covid-19 Associated Symptoms, Their Onset and Duration, and Variations Among Different Groups of Patients in Bangladesh

Amin

Hasan

Bhuiya

2021

Front. Public Health

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Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, onset, and duration of COVID-19 associated symptoms, hospitalization, and recovery time from the infection in Bangladesh.Methods: A retrospective study was designed adopting the snowball sampling technique (n = 439). The association of gender, age, and comorbidity on COVID-19 associated complications was determined using chi-square and binary logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05).Result: Fever, exhaustion, cough, loss of taste, sore throat, body ache, and hair-loss were prevalent among more than 50% of the participants and developed within fourth days in above 90% of the patients. Shortness of breath was significantly higher in males (χ2 = 5.671; OR 1.641). Significant comorbidity association on the shortness of breath (χ2 = 40.119; OR 2.564), vomiting (χ2 = 4.422; OR 1.018), and loss of speech (χ2 = 17.299; OR 3.430) was observed. Patients (>40 years) exerted higher association in shortness of breath (χ2 = 24.083; OR 2.901). Age and comorbidity were significantly associated with COVID-19 associated hospitalization (χ2 = 16.890 and χ2 = 23.638, respectively) and recovery time (χ2 = 12.870 and χ2 = 26.924, respectively).Conclusion: The study suggests that the hospitalization rate increased for older (>40 years) and comorbid patients. Comorbid patients demonstrated higher susceptibility to have shortness of breath, vomiting, loss of speech, and confusion, whereas male patients showed significant increase in the prevalence of sore throat, loss of smell, and vomiting compared to female patients.

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“…Numerous comprehensive metaanalysis studies have consistently demonstrated a weak correlation between ORR and OS. [39][40][41] This intriguing As cancer treatment advances into the era of ICI therapy, it is essential to reassess the truth of the "obesity paradox" in patients with metastatic cancer. In a substantial cohort study comparing the effectiveness and survival outcomes of first-line pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy, Cortellini et al demonstrated that a higher baseline BMI was correlated with increasing ORR, PFS and OS in NSCLC.…”

Section: Subgroup Analysis Of Bmi ≥25 Kg/ M 2 Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of body mass index on survival endpoints among patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A real‐world multicenter analysis

Huang,

Su,

Lin

et al. 2024

Cancer Medicine

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BackgroundStudies on the correlation between high body mass index (BMI) and extended survival among patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been made, although findings have shown variability. Our research explored the phenomenon of the “obesity paradox” in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) undergoing treatment with ICIs.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with mUC who received a minimum of one cycle of ICI treatment at two medical centers in Taiwan from September 2015 to January 2023. Features of patients' clinicopathologic factors, including age, sex, primary or metastatic location, treatment line, and BMI were examined. The primary outcome were overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS), which were assessed utilizing the Kaplan–Meier method. We employed the Cox‐regression model to adjust for multiple covariates.ResultsA total of 215 patients were included, with 128 (59.5%) being male, and the median age was 70 years. In the obese group (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), patients demonstrated significantly better median OS compared to the non‐obese group (BMI <25 kg/m2) (21.9 vs. 8.3 months; p = 0.021). However, there was no significant difference in median PFS between the high and low BMI groups (4.7 vs. 2.8 months; p = 0.16). Post‐hoc subgroup revealed a survival benefit from ICI treatment in male patients within the BMI ≥25 kg/m2 group (HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.30–0.81, p = 0.005).ConclusionBased on real‐world data from the Asia‐Pacific region, there appears to be a correlation between obesity and prolonged OS in patients receiving ICI treatment for mUC.

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Authors’ reply: Ethnicity and clinical outcomes in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Host factors facilitating SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection and replication in the lungs

Host factors facilitating SARS‐CoV‐2 virus infection and replication in the lungs

Prevalence of Covid-19 Associated Symptoms, Their Onset and Duration, and Variations Among Different Groups of Patients in Bangladesh

The impact of body mass index on survival endpoints among patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A real‐world multicenter analysis

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