Autism in 2016: the need for answers

Posar, Annio; Visconti, Paola

doi:10.1016/j.jpedp.2016.11.004

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The results of the present study suggest that neonatal CPF exposure could represent an environmental factor that potentially increases the risk of observing such problems (in this case, those related to ASD). Indeed, current epidemiological data indicate that among the general population, the incidence of ASD is 1 in 152 children [ 39 ], but in regions where CPF is use as a pesticide, the risk of suffering from this disorder increases by up to 60% [ 40 ]. Besides, in the published literature regarding prenatal administration, similarities can be found in some of the effects of both substances, such as increased oxidative stress [ 41 , 42 ], and alterations in serotonergic connections [ 43 , 44 ]; among others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarities between the Effects of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos and Valproic Acid on Ultrasonic Vocalization in Infant Wistar Rats

Morales-Navas

Castaño-Castaño

Pérez-Fernández

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: In recent years, ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) in pups has become established as a good tool for evaluating behaviors related to communication deficits and emotional states observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Prenatal valproic acid (VPA) exposure leads to impairments and social behavior deficits associated with autism, with the effects of VPA being considered as a reliable animal model of ASD. Some studies also suggest that prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos (CPF) could enhance autistic-like behaviors. Methods: In order to explore these similarities, in the present study we tested whether prenatal exposure to CPF at GD12.5–14.5 produces effects that are comparable to those produced by prenatal VPA exposure at GD12.5 in infant Wistar rats. Using Deep Squeek software, we evaluated total number of USVs, latency to the first call, mean call duration, principal frequency peak, high frequency peak, and type of calls. Results: Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that exposure to both CPF and VPA leads to a significantly smaller number of calls along with a longer latency to produce the first call. No significant effects were found for the remaining dependent variables. Conclusions: These results suggest that prenatal exposure to CPF could produce certain behaviors that are reminiscent of those observed in ASD patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarities between the Effects of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos and Valproic Acid on Ultrasonic Vocalization in Infant Wistar Rats

Morales-Navas

Castaño-Castaño

Pérez-Fernández

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…Research has hypothesized that epigenetic factors such as nutrition, environmental toxins, or infections may contribute to the etiology of ASD in at least a subpopulation of patients [Hamza et al, ; Posar & Visconti, ]. Given the signs of immune dysfunction observed in the select ASD patients examined in this study, we propose extending that hypothesis of epigenetic regulation in ASD to suggest that the interaction of epigenetic stimuli with an abnormal TLR signaling pathway may lead to an inflammatory process, and that IVIG administration may downregulate the observed inflammatory markers in some children with ASD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

A pilot study of high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin 5% for autism: Impact on autism spectrum and markers of neuroinflammation

et al. 2018

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Since research has demonstrated a link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and immune dysfunction, this study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) infusion in children with ASD. Fourteen patients received IVIG treatment and were assessed using standardized cognitive and behavioral tests. Following treatment with IVIG, significant improvement was observed across several subscales of the clinical tests and significant reductions were seen in the markers of neuroinflammation. These data suggest that inflammatory etiologies may play a role in select cases of autism, and IVIG treatment may exert a positive impact on behaviors and markers of inflammation in ASD.

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“…El TEA se concibe como una alteración del neurodesarrollo caracterizada por déficits en la interacción social y patrones de comportamiento, actividades e intereses restringidos y repetitivos (Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría, 2013). El TEA aparece en etapas muy tempranas y se extiende a lo largo del ciclo vital, afectando de manera distinta a cada individuo (Posar y Visconti, 2017). Se estima que la prevalencia del TEA es del 0,76 % (Asociación Americana de Psiquiatría, 2013), aunque los datos indican que en los últimos años esta prevalencia ha aumentado, en parte por la menor edad requerida para su diagnóstico (Idring et al, 2015;Maenner et al, 2020;Morales-Hidalgo et al, 2018).…”

Section: Evaluación De Resultados Personales Relacionados Con Derechos En Jóvenes Con Discapacidad Intelectual Y Teaunclassified

Evaluación de resultados personales relacionados con derechos en jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual y Tea

Fernández

Suárez

Sánchez

2021

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Aun teniendo gran relevancia el concepto de calidad de vida en el ámbito de la discapacidad intelectual (DI), existe escasa investigación acerca de su aplicación en jóvenes con trastorno del espectro del autismo (TEA), especialmente acerca de la dimensión derechos, área que ha cobrado especial importancia en los últimos años con la ratificación de la Convención de los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad de Naciones Unidas. Este estudio se centra en la evaluación de derechos en jóvenes con TEA y DI, comparando sus resultados con dos grupos de jóvenes que presentan DI y otra condición comórbida: síndrome de Down y parálisis cerebral. Para ello, se utilizó la subescala derechos de la versión piloto de la Escala KidsLife en una muestra de 153 participantes con DI entre 4 y 21 años (TEA = 51; síndrome de Down = 51; parálisis cerebral = 51). En el grupo con TEA, el género, el tipo de escolarización, el nivel de DI y de necesidades de apoyo dieron lugar a diferencias significativas. Los tres grupos obtuvieron resultados positivos, aunque los jóvenes con síndrome de Down obtienen resultados significativamente superiores a los obtenidos por jóvenes con TEA.

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Autism in 2016: the need for answers

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Similarities between the Effects of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos and Valproic Acid on Ultrasonic Vocalization in Infant Wistar Rats

Similarities between the Effects of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos and Valproic Acid on Ultrasonic Vocalization in Infant Wistar Rats

A pilot study of high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin 5% for autism: Impact on autism spectrum and markers of neuroinflammation

Evaluación de resultados personales relacionados con derechos en jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual y Tea

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