Autism Spectrum Disorder

Loukusa, Soile

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-74985-9_3

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Previously, Loukusa et al (2007b) found that autistic children were more likely than non-autistic children to 'drift' to a topic considered irrelevant after having answered a researcher's question correctly. In the current study, the mismatching focus was evident in some autistic adults' focus on objects or the unfolding of the events perceived as illogical (also see Loukusa, 2021). For instance, one autistic adult focused a narrative about being in an elevator, being concerned that the characters were not spending 'long enough' in the elevator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Autistic people reportedly have difficulties in social communication, including difficulties in understanding gestures in communication and in adjusting behaviour in demanding communication situations (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Language and social skills, including socialpragmatic processing vary greatly between autistic individuals (e.g., Loukusa, 2021;Loukusa et al, 2007a;Tager-Flusberg & Kasari, 2013). While it is known that social-pragmatic skills develop with age (Loukusa, 2021) and are challenging for autistic individuals, the extent to which these challenges continue into adulthood is currently not well known.…”

Section: Social-pragmatic Inferencing In Autistic Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Language and social skills, including social-pragmatic processing vary greatly between autistic individuals (e.g. Loukusa, 2021; Loukusa, Leinonen, Kuusikko, et al, 2007; Tager-Flusberg & Kasari, 2013). While it is known that social-pragmatic skills develop with age (Loukusa, 2021) and are challenging for autistic individuals, the extent to which these challenges continue into adulthood is currently not well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in social-pragmatic inferencing and narrative discourse

Dindar

Loukusa

Leinonen

et al. 2022

Autism

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Since prior research has mostly focused on children, less is known about how autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits interpret pragmatically complex social situations and the kind of narrative discourse they produce. 32 autistic young adults, 18 young adults with sub-clinical autistic traits and 34 non-autistic young adults participated this study. They were shown videos of social interactions which required complex pragmatic processing and were asked to freely narrate what they thought was occurring in each video. Their narratives were coded for aspects of social-pragmatic and narrative discourse. The results indicate that the autistic and sub-clinical groups differed from the comparison group in what they inferred as relevant video content. The narratives of the autistic group also differed from the comparison group in meaning, focus and emphasis on details. In addition, the comparison group produced more holistic narratives whereas the autistic and sub-clinical groups produced more atomistic narratives. Correlational findings indicated that perceptual reasoning has stronger associations with pragmatic inferencing in the autistic and sub-clinical groups than in the comparison group. This study suggests that autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in what they perceive to be relevant in their social world. Lay Abstract Previous social-pragmatic and narrative research involving autistic individuals has mostly focused on children. Little is known about how autistic adults and adults who have autistic traits but do not have a diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) interpret complex social situations and tell narratives about these situations. We asked 32 autistic young adults, 18 adults with autistic traits but no ASD diagnosis, and 34 non-autistic young adults to watch socially complex situations and freely tell narratives about what they thought was occurring in each situation. These narratives were analysed for how the participants had interpreted the situations and for the type of narratives they produced. We found that the groups had both similarities and differences. Regarding the differences, we found that the autistic adults and adults with autistic traits interpreted the situations differently from the non-autistic adults. The autistic adults found different aspects of the situations relevant, had different foci and placed greater importance on details than the non-autistic adults. The autistic adults and adults with autistic traits also differed from the non-autistic adults by having more detail- and event-focused narratives whereas the non-autistic adults were more likely to base their narratives on their own broad interpretations of the situations. Perceptual processing styles appeared to play a bigger role in interpreting the situations for the autistic adults and adults with autistic traits than the non-autistic adults. Our findings suggest that autistic adults and adults with autistic traits focus on different aspects in their social world than non-autistic adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Social-pragmatic Inferencing In Autistic Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in social-pragmatic inferencing and narrative discourse

Dindar

Loukusa

Leinonen

et al. 2022

Autism

Self Cite

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“…Edellä mainittujen kielen osa-alueiden lisäksi kielellisten ilmaisujen tulkintaan tarvitaan kontekstiin liittyvä tiedon, kuten kasvonilmeiden, katseen ja intonaation merkityksen ymmärtämistä. Lapset alkavat hyödyntää kontekstia kielen ymmärtämisen tukena, kuten kiinnittää huomiota katseen käyttöön osana sosiaalista vuorovaikutusta jo ennen vuoden ikää (Beier & Spelke, 2012;Loukusa 2011). Lapsi myös oppii hyödyntämään kontekstiin liittyvää tietoa puheen ymmärtämiseksi (Loukusa, Leinonen & Ryder, 2007;Ryder & Leinonen, 2003).…”

Section: Tavoiteryhmäunclassified

Reader�s Theater projects in reading disability remediation (ReadDrama): project data

Hautala,

Junttila

2024

Jyx

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sti Lasten kielellisen ymmärtämisen arviointi ja harjoittaminen virtuaaliympäristössä……………………………………………………………………………….42 Åsa Pa lvia inen Lek och allvar i förälder-barn-WhatsApp-chattar……………..…………………….…59 Ker ttu Huttunen Digitaaliset pelit ja sovellukset lapsen kehityksen tukena…………………………….76 Rosa Sa lmela , Ra ymond Ber tr a m ja Minna Lehtonen Mobiilisovellukset toisen ja vieraan kielen oppimisen tukena….….

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“…However, core ASD symptoms are not necessarily evident in the amount of speech produced by an individual and may instead be evident in the way they speak. Some ASD children exhibit poorer fluency [4], echolalia (i.e., speech repetition) [5], mix pronouns [6], and use atypical articulation and prosody [7], [8] that are apparent in the acoustic features of their vocalizations [9], [10]. Previous studies have reported, for example, that verbal ASD children tend to speak with higher pitch and larger pitch variability than Typically Developing (TD) children [8], [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliably quantifying the severity of social symptoms in children with autism using ASDSpeech

Eni,

Ilan,

Michaelovski

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Social communication problems, which are a core symptom of autism, may be evident in the speech characteristics of autistic individuals. Here, we examined acoustic and conversational features extracted from audio recordings of Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2ndedition (ADOS-2) assessments of 1.5-7-year-old children. We trained a deep neural network algorithm to estimate autism severity (i.e., ADOS-2 scores) from recordings of 146 children and tested its accuracy with independent recordings from 62 additional children who completed two ADOS-2 assessments, separated by 1-2 years. Estimated ADOS-2 social affect scores in the test set were significantly correlated with true scores at each time-point (r(62)=0.442-0.575,P<0.001), and estimated changes across time-points were significantly correlated with true changes (r(62)=0.343,P=0.011). The presented algorithm learned to estimate social symptom severity from speech recordings of one autism group and was able to accurately estimate severity changes in an entirely independent group. While accuracy needs to be further improved by training with larger datasets, these results demonstrate the remarkable utility of speech analysis algorithms in estimating autism risk and severity changes over time.

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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cited by 5 publications

References 133 publications

Autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in social-pragmatic inferencing and narrative discourse

Autistic adults and adults with sub-clinical autistic traits differ from non-autistic adults in social-pragmatic inferencing and narrative discourse

Reader�s Theater projects in reading disability remediation (ReadDrama): project data

Reliably quantifying the severity of social symptoms in children with autism using ASDSpeech

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