Autism spectrum disorder and new perspectives on the reliability of second to fourth digit ratio

Kyselicová, Klaudia; Belica, Ivan; Vidošovičová, Mária; Janšáková, Katarína; Neščáková, Eva; Špajdel, Marián; Navarová, Simona; Ostatníková, Daniela

doi:10.1002/dev.22122

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…However, the role of androgens in the development of tic disorder cannot be fully explained, and it should be considered that it has a complex etiopathology such as genetic mechanisms, infections, prenatal and perinatal exposures, maternal smoking, and life stressors. In a study by Kyselicová et al (2021) in which they investigated the reliability of the 2D:4D ratio in children with autism spectrum disorder, they pointed out whether the 2D:4D ratio of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders changes differently from the neurotypically developing population. These ndings suggest that more studies are needed to evaluate the 2D:4D ratio in tic disorder as a reliable indicator of the relationship between fetal testosterone and tic disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fingerprints of Fetal Hormones: Investigating Tic Disorder's Origins through 2D:4D Digit Ratio Analysis

Şahin,

Önal,

Hoşoğlu

2024

Preprint

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The high prevalence of tic disorders in males may be related to androgenic steroids during the intrauterine period. During the critical period of fetal development, the release of high levels of gonadal androgens may contribute to the etiology of tic disorders. To investigate the possible association, the ratio of two to four digits (2D:4D) was used as a measure of fetal hormone exposure. Eighty children aged 7–17 years, including 40 children diagnosed with tic disorder and 40 healthy controls, were included in a cross-sectional study. All participants had a psychopathology assessment and their 2D:4D ratio was measured digitally. The 2D:4D ratio in the left hand was significantly higher in the controls than in the cases (p = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analysis also supported that low left 2D:4D ratio was independently associated with tic disorder (p = 0.011). Girls showed a positive correlation between right 2D:4D ratio and vocal tic scores (r = 0.715, p = 0.013). However, the 2D:4D ratio did not appear to be significantly associated with comorbidities, age at diagnosis, age at onset of motor tic, vocal tic, or sensory phenomena. The results suggest that fetal hormones exposure may play a role in the development of tic disorders. This study showed that children and young people with tic disorders had a different 2D:4D ratio to healthy controls. A correlation between the ratio and the severity of the symptoms was also found. These novel findings provide a solid basis for further research in this area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%