Autism Spectrum Disorders and Malocclusions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Barros, Aline Ferreira; Mascarenhas, Paulo; Botelho, João; Machado, Vanessa; Balixa, Gabriela; Lopes, Luísa Bandeira

doi:10.3390/jcm11102727

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malocclusion and the associated orthodontic implications in the case of ASD individuals were some issues that we could not touch upon in our review; however, several other reviews have discussed it at length [ 33 , 34 , 35 ]. Barros et al [ 33 ] and Da Motta et al [ 34 ] focused specifically on the prevalence of malocclusion in individuals with ASD. Like in our review, Barros et al [ 33 ] identified significant heterogeneity among the studies, which made it challenging to conclusively establish a risk of malocclusion in individuals with ASD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Barros et al [ 33 ] and Da Motta et al [ 34 ] focused specifically on the prevalence of malocclusion in individuals with ASD. Like in our review, Barros et al [ 33 ] identified significant heterogeneity among the studies, which made it challenging to conclusively establish a risk of malocclusion in individuals with ASD. This finding aligns with the heterogeneity and discrepancies in the oral health parameters observed in our review, reflecting the inherent complexity in studying oral health in ASD populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Health Statuses of Children and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Umbrella Review

Sami,

Ahmad,

Shaik

et al. 2023

JCM

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This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the oral health statuses of children and adults within the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) population through an umbrella review approach. The prevalence of dental caries, periodontal disease, and associated variables were investigated across selected studies. A systematic search was conducted across databases including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Science Citation Index, Science Direct, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Wiley Online Library to identify relevant studies. The assessed variables included dental caries prevalence, periodontal disease prevalence, oral hygiene indicators, and the necessity of dental treatment. The pooled prevalence rates, odds ratios, and standardized mean differences were calculated where applicable. The pooled prevalence of dental caries among ASD individuals ranged from 60.6% to 67.3%, while the periodontal disease prevalence ranged from 59.8% to 69.4%. High rates of dental treatment under general anesthesia were reported. Heterogeneous dental caries and periodontal disease prevalence rates were identified, highlighting the need for collaboration and preventive care. Several studies also reported higher prevalence rates of dental trauma and self-inflicted oral injuries among individuals with ASD. However, the review also identified significant methodological limitations in the included studies, including inconsistency in oral health assessment methods and potential bias. The necessity for targeted policies due to high prevalence rates and the requirement for integrated care systems in high DMFT regions were also observed. The umbrella review synthesized diverse findings, revealing variations in dental caries and periodontal disease prevalence among ASD individuals. This review underscores the need for tailored interventions and policies to address oral health disparities. It highlights the necessity of integrated care systems, methodological improvements, and longitudinal studies to comprehensively address the multifaceted oral health challenges within the ASD population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Health Statuses of Children and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Umbrella Review

Sami,

Ahmad,

Shaik

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…However, recent evidence failed to show a fundamental difference in some defects such as malocclusion and bruxism in ASD subjects compared with non-ASD ones. Some recent meta-analyses reported that the risk of having malocclusion was comparable in ASD subjects and their neurotypical counterparts ( 16 ), yet in autistic subjects, this orthodontic concern is problematic due to scant compliance ( 27 ) and maybe connective tissue peculiarities ( 26 ).…”

Section: Besides Oral Caries Malocclusion Bruxism Periodontal and Gin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on dental care management and prevention in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). What is new?

Zerman

Zotti²,

Chirumbolo³

et al. 2022

Front. Oral. Health

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Autistic subjects represent a severe concern to dentistry due to the considerable difficulty in managing their oral health, maintaining routine toothbrushing, and preventing dental and periodontal problems. The social and economic burden of managing dental care in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children is particularly cumbersome for families and public and private health expenditure, especially when children reach the dentist following a late diagnosis with evident oral health problems. An early diagnosis of ASD helps dentists better address these children's oral health. Unfortunately, insufficient attention is paid to the training and education of general pediatricians, dentists, and dental hygienists, allowing them to get to approach the different clinical aspects of ASD. Usually, children diagnosed with ASD are scheduled for dental appointments like their neurotypical peers, whereas their needs are typically complex and personalized. Scant attention is also devoted to these patients by commercial manufacturers of dental products and devices for oral hygiene and prevention of caries and periodontal diseases, leaving parents without the support and often failing when they address the oral health of autistic children. The difficulties of oral care do not derive simply from the behavior of ASD patients, as is commonly assumed, and therefore cannot be overcome solely by the patience and attention of parents and dentists. Genetics, dietary habits, sensory impairments, and cognition disorders are other causes contributing in various degrees to the impact on the mood and psychological reactions of autistic children towards dentists. How can we prevent teeth caries, periodontal disorders, and other oral health impairments by properly managing ASD children? This manuscript gives an up-to-date overview of these problems and helps to provide good remarks.

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“…Patients with Down syndrome are typically referred to as profoundly retarded because their IQ ranges from 25 to 50 [ 5 ]. Autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV are included in the new DSM-5, and those conditions are referred to as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for Orthodontic Management of Individuals With Mental Illness Using Psychiatric Medication: A Systematic Review

AlMogbel,

Aldahami,

Al Numair

et al. 2023

Cureus

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The majority of mentally challenged individuals anticipate treatment with inflated levels of concern more than conventional orthodontic patients. However, there are no systematic reviews on behavioral modification techniques and orthodontic therapy for people with mental illness. Therefore, the goal of the review was to highlight the orthodontic concerns for people with mental disabilities with the intent to address the problems that emerge when providing orthodontic care. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and population, exposure, and outcome (PEO) criteria were followed in conducting the review. An electronic search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Oral Health Group, and Dentistry and Oral Science Source databases searched through EBSCO and Google Scholar for potentially relevant publications in the English language from January 2002 to December 2022. Studies reporting behavioral modification strategies and/or physical constraints used during orthodontic treatment of mentally challenged patients were included in the review. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for case reports and research reviews and synthesis. The initial electronic and manual search yielded 233 articles. After eliminating duplicates and reviewing the title/abstracts, 75 articles were selected for independent fulltext review. Based on the eligibility criteria, 12 studies were finally chosen for qualitative synthesis. Four of these studies were case reports, while eight were comprehensive reviews. The JBI critical assessment criteria for case reports revealed that two studies had moderate-quality evidence, one case report with high-quality evidence and the other with low-quality evidence. The quality of the selected comprehensive literature reviews assessed using JBI critical assessment for reviews and research syntheses was judged to have poorquality evidence. A thorough literature search on the topic did not reveal a single systematic review, and all of the reviews that were chosen were exhaustive. Parental cooperation and patient motivation are crucial components of a successful treatment regimen. A better prognosis is determined by the choice of appropriate orthodontic mechanotherapy along with the utilization of an array of behavior modification modalities and the availability of a team with expertise.

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Autism Spectrum Disorders and Malocclusions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Oral Health Statuses of Children and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Umbrella Review

Oral Health Statuses of Children and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Umbrella Review

Insights on dental care management and prevention in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). What is new?

Guidelines for Orthodontic Management of Individuals With Mental Illness Using Psychiatric Medication: A Systematic Review

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