Auto-lysed yeast and yeast extract effects on dry matter intake, blood cells counts, IgG titer and gene expression of IL-2 in lactating dairy cows under heat stress

Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of auto-lysed yeast and yeast extract on performance and immune responses of cows in hot climate in the early lactation period. Twenty five lactating dairy cows randomly assigned to 5 groups and 5 replicates. Cows received basal diet with or without auto-lysed yeast (20 or 40 g/d/head) or yeast extract (20 or 40 g/d/head) as on top-dressed. There were no differences for daily dry matter intake, milk production milk fat and the counts of red blood cells and white blood cells among treatments (p > 0.05). There were significant differences among treatments for immunoglobulin G (IgG) level, lymphocyte and neutrophil percentages. Yeast extract had no effect on IgG level, but auto-lysed yeast increased IgG level and neutrophil percentage and decreased lymphocyte percentage (p < 0.05). The highest relative interleukin-2 gene expression was for cows received auto-lysed yeast at the level of 40 g/d/head. Yeast extract had no significant effect on interleukin-2 gene expression as compared to the control group. It was concluded that auto-lysed yeast at the level of 40 g/d/head had no effect on performance, but it could positively influence on immune response of lactating dairy cows in hot climate during early period of lactation.

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Hydrolyzed Yeast on Growth Performance, Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Hematology in Growing Beef Cattle

“…However, neutrophils and monocytes were increased with HY supplementation. Similarly, Adili et al [ 55 ] reported that neutrophils were increased by the addition of HY to dairy cows. Neutrophils can protect livestock against the most common infectious diseases [ 56 ].…”

Supplementation of Live Yeast, Mannan Oligosaccharide, and Organic Selenium during the Adaptation Phase of Newly Arrived Beef Cattle: Effects on Health Status, Immune Functionality, and Growth Performance

“…This is one of the reasons because a better antioxidant status can lead to a greater production of antibodies [ 28 ]. An increased level of antibodies was detected also in the blood of dairy cows fed with LY or yeast-derived products, with a high content of β-glucans during the transition period, testifying their beneficial role in stressful situations [ 29 , 30 ].…”

“…Increases in fibrolytic, cellulolytic, and lactic acid-utilizing bacteria helped to increase and stabilize the ruminal pH, thus reducing the risk of acidosis and also improving the functionality of the other bacteria, such as the propionate producers [36]. Consequently, the availability of substrates, such as acetate, increased the glucose levels as a result of the maximized digestion of fiber-based feedstuffs [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Moreover, the higher level of propionate, consequent to a better functionality of the other bacteria strains in the rumen, may also play a role in increasing serum glucose concentrations in cattle [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

“…Consequently, the availability of substrates, such as acetate, increased the glucose levels as a result of the maximized digestion of fiber-based feedstuffs [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Moreover, the higher level of propionate, consequent to a better functionality of the other bacteria strains in the rumen, may also play a role in increasing serum glucose concentrations in cattle [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. In fact, higher propionic acid concentrations can lead to an increased glucogenic potential of the diet of dairy cows fed with yeast derived products [38].…”

Saccharomyces cerevisiae biomass as a source of next‐generation food preservatives: Evaluating potential proteins as a source of antimicrobial peptides

“…Hydrolysis can be induced by HCl, NaOH, or exogenous proteolytic enzymes, and although efficient, is expensive and generates undesirable subproducts such as NaCl or carcinogenic agents, like monochloropropanol and dichloropropanol. Plasmolysis uses NaCl, toluene or ethanol to accelerate cell lysis, but both soluble and insoluble components, such as dead‐cells, glucans, mannan‐oligosaccharides have to be separated by centrifugation or filtration (Ferreira et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2016; Adili, Sadeghi, Chamani, Shawrang, & Forodi, 2020; Takalloo, Nikkhah, Nemati, Jalilian, & Sajedi, 2020).…”