Autoantibodies and Rheumatologic Manifestations in Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Priora, Marta; Borrelli, Richard; Parisi, Simone; Ditto, Maria Chiara; Realmuto, Cristina; Laganà, Angela; Vittorio, Chiara Centanaro Di; Degiovanni, Rosanna; Peroni, Clara Lisa; Fusaro, Enrico

doi:10.3390/biology10111071

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…B-lymphocyte-driven humoral immunity produces specific antibodies that are unable to inactivate virus production and replication. Therefore, the continuous replication of HCV results in constant stimulation of B cells, which may lead to B-cell dysfunction and abnormal antibody production[ 8 ]. Alternatively, the presence of autoantibodies in HCV patients may be caused by chronic apoptotic hepatocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute-on-chronic liver failure induced by antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C: A case report

Zhong,

Zhao,

Chen

et al. 2023

World J Clin Cases

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Rehabilitation of lower limb amputation in developing countries is quite challenging. Though there are basic to highly advanced prostheses available in India, the set-up is still facing difficulties in developing countries. Prosthetic management is difficult due to lack of availability of prostheses and reduced affordability among low income populations. In this review we highlighted the lower limb amputation and prosthetic rehabilitation status in India. Currently, India is advancing well in the rehabilitation field, but further studies are required to provide more evidence and recommendation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute-on-chronic liver failure induced by antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C: A case report

Zhong,

Zhao,

Chen

et al. 2023

World J Clin Cases

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“…HCV envelope E2 protein binds with CD81 expressed on the membrane of B-cells, forming a complex that decreases the threshold for activation of B-cells and also causes reduction of its apoptosis. These lead to aberrant activation of B-lymphocytes as well as their prolonged survival, therefore increasing the production of antibodies (including the auto-antibodies) and systemic inflammation[ 140 ]. Tissue damages, either directly by viruses or as a result of immune aggressions against infected cells, result in the release of a large number of tissue antigens.…”

Section: Extrahepatic Manifestations Of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Inf...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it has been previously postulated that similarities between HCV antigens and host antigens are partly responsible for the development of ANA and anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA)[ 141 ]. RF was detected in 70% of patients, followed by ANA (20 to 40%), anticardiolipin antibodies (15%), antithyroid antibodies (12%), and ASMA (7%)[ 140 ].…”

Section: Extrahepatic Manifestations Of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Inf...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of direct-acting antiviral regimens on hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection

Salama¹,

Raslan²,

Abdel‐Latif³

et al. 2022

WJH

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a common cause of liver disease and is associated with various extrahepatic manifestations (EHMs). This mini-review outlines the currently available treatments for HCV infection and their prognostic effect on hepatic manifestations and EHMs. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens are considered pan-genotypic as they achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) > 85% after 12 wk through all the major HCV genotypes, with high percentages of SVR even in advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. The risk factors for DAA failure include old males, cirrhosis, and the presence of resistance-associated substitutions (RAS) in the region targeted by the received DAAs. The effectiveness of DAA regimens is reduced in HCV genotype 3 with baseline RAS like A30K, Y93H, and P53del. Moreover, the European Association for the Study of the Liver recommended the identification of baseline RAS for HCV genotype 1a. The higher rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after DAA therapy may be related to the fact that DAA regimens are offered to patients with advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, where interferon was contraindicated to those patients. The change in the growth of pre-existing subclinical, undetectable HCC upon DAA treatment might be also a cause. Furthermore, after DAA therapy, the T cell-dependent immune response is much weaker upon HCV clearance, and the down-regulation of TNF-α or the elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio might increase the risk of HCC. DAAs can result in reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in HCV co-infected patients. DAAs are effective in treating HCV-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia, with clinical and immunological responses, and have rapid and high effectiveness in thrombocytopenia. DAAs improve insulin resistance in 90% of patients, increase glomerular filtration rate, and decrease proteinuria, hematuria and articular manifestations. HCV clearance by DAAs allows a significant improvement in atherosclerosis and metabolic and immunological conditions, with a reduction of major cardiovascular events. They also improve physical function, fatigue, cognitive impairment, and quality of life. Early therapeutic approach with DAAs is recommended as it cure many of the EHMs that are still in a reversible stage and can prevent others that can develop due to delayed treatment.

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“…HCV-PAN tends to occur in older patients and has a higher incidence in women [ 4 ]. Distinguishing PAN from MC is often challenging because circulating cryoglobulins are found in 40-60% of HCV patients [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyarteritis Nodosa Associated With Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Amini,

Ahmed,

Basra

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare necrotizing vasculitis that affects medium-sized arteries. The association of hepatitis B virus (HBV)and HIV with PAN is well documented. Although there are documented cases of PAN in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the connection between PAN and HCV is not well established. We report a case of PAN in a patient with HCV infection who failed treatment with interferon.

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Autoantibodies and Rheumatologic Manifestations in Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Cited by 11 publications

References 66 publications

Acute-on-chronic liver failure induced by antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C: A case report

Acute-on-chronic liver failure induced by antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis C: A case report

Impact of direct-acting antiviral regimens on hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus infection

Polyarteritis Nodosa Associated With Hepatitis C Virus Infection

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