Autoantibody-mediated encephalitis: Not just paraneoplastic, not just limbic, and not untreatable

Jammoul, Adham; Li, Yuebing; Rae-Grant, Alexander

doi:10.3949/ccjm.83a.14112

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The underlying pathophysiology of LE could be broadly classified into autoimmune or paraneoplastic. However, it is not uncommon for it to present with non-typical etiologies including the non-paraneoplastic and the seronegative variant [7]. LE shows extensive diversity in symptoms ranging from delusions, hallucinations, irritability, aggression, subacute confusion, memory impairment, and seizures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report of Seronegative Limbic Encephalitis

Munawar

Iftikhar

Khan

et al. 2019

Cureus

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Most patients with autoimmune encephalitis do not present with well-described symptoms. Demographic data and information regarding co-morbidities could help in diagnosing the underlying disorder, but a definitive diagnosis is made by the result of autoimmune antibodies. Limbic encephalitis (LE), a variant of autoimmune encephalitis, is the inflammation of the limbic system of the brain. The disorder presents with the rapid development of confusion, working memory impairment, mood changes, and often seizures. LE could have paraneoplastic or non-paraneoplastic etiology. We present the case of a 15-year-old girl with seronegative LE, who presented with cognitive decline and seizures. This condition is rare, and therefore poses a great challenge in diagnosis at an early stage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report of Seronegative Limbic Encephalitis

Munawar

Iftikhar

Khan

et al. 2019

Cureus

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“…These acute and chronic encephalidites are already well documented with other conditions [21][22][23]. It remains to be seen what the specific distribution of ACE-2 receptors in endothelial cells in the central nervous system during different age epochs [24][25][26] and different ethnic cohorts yields. It is possible that a number of previously paediatric idiopathic, multi-system inflammatory disorders such as Kawasaki disease may be re-examined through a COVID-19 lens with benefit.…”

Section: Psychosocial Costs Of Physical Distancingmentioning

confidence: 91%

Consequences of physical distancing emanating from the COVID-19 pandemic: An Australian perspective

Fitzgerald

Nunn

Isaacs

2020

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews

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The sobering reality of the COVID-19 pandemic is that it has brought people together at home at a time when we want them apart in the community. This will bring both benefits and challenges. It will affect people differently based upon their age, health status, resilience, family support structures, and socioeconomic background. This article will assess the impact in high income countries like Australia, where the initial wave of infection placed the elderly at the greatest risk of death whilst the protective measures of physical distancing, self-isolation, increased awareness of hygiene practices, and school closures with distance learning has had considerable impact on children and families acutely and may have ramifications for years to come.

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“…Limbic encephalitis is one of the classical syndromes, which is characterized by seizures, memory loss, confusion and neuropsychiatric changes suggesting involvement of the limbic system. However, clinical and imaging findings often extend beyond the limbic system, rendering the terms 'limbic encephalitis plus', or simply immune-mediated encephalitis more accurate to describe such cases [8,9]. Association with cancer is not universal in these, if a malignancy is implicated (i.e., in paraneoplastic cases), SCLC is among the commonly present [2].…”

Section: Practice Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Added Diagnostic Utility of PET in a Patient with Subacute eNcephalopathy and Small-Cell Lung Cancer

et al. 2017

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Diagnosis of paraneoplastic neurologic disorder (PND) synthesizes the clinical picture (including the temporal relationship to the cancer diagnosis), detection of onconeural antibodies and exclusion of alternative causes. The mainstay of brain imaging of PNDs is MRI. There is also an increasingly recognized role of PET using radiotracer 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in the evaluation of the brain. We describe a 67-year-old female with a 50-year smoking history and small-cell lung cancer developing subacute encephalopathy with MRI and PET abnormalities identifying paraneoplastic encephalitis. PET may complement conventional tools in diagnosing a subset of patients with PND.

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Autoantibody-mediated encephalitis: Not just paraneoplastic, not just limbic, and not untreatable

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

A Case Report of Seronegative Limbic Encephalitis

A Case Report of Seronegative Limbic Encephalitis

Consequences of physical distancing emanating from the COVID-19 pandemic: An Australian perspective

Added Diagnostic Utility of PET in a Patient with Subacute eNcephalopathy and Small-Cell Lung Cancer

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