Autobiographical memory in the euthymic phase of recurrent depression.

Spinhoven, Philip; Bockting, Claudi; Schene, Aart H.; Koeter, Maarten W. J.; Wekking, Elizabeth M.; Williams, J. Mark G.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.115.3.590

Cited by 70 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This result is consistent with reports suggesting that AM performance of individuals with depression history is independent of depression status (acute episode versus remission) (Bergouignan et al, 2008;Spinhoven et al, 2006). The CAMI-SF performance was not associated with level of intellectual functioning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Unravelling Autobiographical Retrograde Amnesia Following Bitemporal Electroconvulsive Therapy: Effect of Treatment versus Effect of Time

Semkovska¹,

O’Grady²

2017

PSYCH

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Objective: To reliably quantify the autobiographical retrograde amnesia directly attributable to the effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) independent from normal and depression-associated changes in autobiographical memory consistency. Method: By use of retrospective case-control study design, 19 severely depressed inpatients never treated with ECT who received pharmacotherapy (noECT group) were individually matched to similarly depressed 19 patients treated with standard, bitemporal electrode placement, ECT (B-ECT). The two groups were compared at Pre-Treatment, at PostTreatment and at three months Follow-Up on their performance on the Semantic, Episodic-Extended and Episodic-Specific Components of the Columbia Autobiographical Memory Interview-Short Form (CAMI-SF). Effects of treatment group and time on the three components were tested with 2 × 3 repeated-measures analyses of variance. Depression severity, assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, was investigated as possible covariate. To explore the results' clinical significance, individual CAMI-SF performances were compared to available normative data. Results: At Pre-Treatment, the two groups were comparable on all three CAMI-SF components. In both groups, a significant effect of time explained decreased performance at PostTreatment and Follow-Up on all components (p-values < 0.0001). No significant effect of treatment was observed on the Semantic and Episodic-Extended components (p > 0.16). The B-ECT retrieval consistency on the EpisodicSpecific component was significantly worse at both Post-Treatment (p = 0.009) and Follow-Up (p = 0.012) relative to the noECT group. Ratios of im- paired retrieval consistency were higher in the B-ECT group than in the noECT group at Post-Treatment only. On individual level, bitemporal ECT was associated with a clinically significant decrease in Episodic-Specific autobiographical memory recall at Post-Treatment in 37% of participants and, for about 26%, this specific impairment persisted for at least three months after end of treatment. Depression severity did not influence observed results. Conclusion: ECT-associated autobiographical amnesia is limited to specific personal episodes, does not affect all patients and is reversible for some.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Unravelling Autobiographical Retrograde Amnesia Following Bitemporal Electroconvulsive Therapy: Effect of Treatment versus Effect of Time

Semkovska¹,

O’Grady²

2017

PSYCH

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“…Regarding emotional information processing, persisting impairments have been found in the specificity of autobiographical memory [Spinhoven et al, 2006], the recognition of facial emotions [Bouhuys et al, 1999], and attentional bias [Williams et al, 1996]. Some of these impairments are also related to risk of relapse [Bouhuys et al, 1999;Williams et al, 1996].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual cognitive impairments in remitted depressed patients

2008

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Depressive disorders are associated with various cognitive impairments. Studies on whether or not these impairments persist into the euthymic phase have shown conflicting results, due to differences in test versions and in study samples. In this paper, we aimed to compare the cognitive performance of remitted depressed patients with that of age-and gender-matched healthy volunteers across a wide range of cognitive domains. In two studies, we found few differences on neutral as well as emotional information processing tests. The findings indicate that remitted depressed patients who use antidepressant medication still show an increased recognition of facial expression of fear compared to healthy controls. Patients also performed worse on a test of recognition of abstract visual information from long-term memory. No other residual cognitive impairments were found. These results indicate that most of the cognitive impairments associated with depression resolve with recovery through medication, even when recovery is incomplete. Considering the finding that remitted depressed patients have higher levels of cognitive reactivity, future studies may investigate the possibility that these cognitive impairments have not resolved but have become latent, and may therefore easily be triggered by small changes in mood state.

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“…They referred to this phenomenon as overgeneral AM (OGM). A growing body of studies reported OGM as a characteristic feature in depression [18][19][20] and posttraumatic stress disorder [21] . There is also evidence for OGM in individuals with eating disorders [22] and borderline personality disorder [13,14] .…”

Section: Bipolar Disorder · Autobiographical Memory · Neuropsychologimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Park et al [41] found a negative correlation between IQ and the number of categoric memories as one aspect of overgeneral memory retrieval in adolescents with major depressive disorder. Several studies reported a connection between age, education, and general mem-ory deficits and OGM [19,42,43] . However, Wessel et al [44] demonstrated that neuropsychological tests on semantic and episodic memory could not additionally explain variance in the prediction of OGM.…”

Section: Bipolar Disorder · Autobiographical Memory · Neuropsychologimentioning

confidence: 99%

Autobiographical Memory in Bipolar Disorder and Its Link to Neuropsychological Functioning

Quinlivan

Dallacker

Renneberg³

et al. 2017

Psychopathology

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Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the specificity of autobiographical memory (AM) in bipolar disorder (BD) and to investigate the association between AM and neuropsychological functions. Method: Twenty bipolar patients and 22 matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. AM was assessed with an extended version of the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) including rejection cue words. A neuropsychological test battery was used to examine verbal memory, executive functions, and attention. Results: Across both groups, the number of specific memories in the AMT was significantly smaller in response to rejection cue words and positive cue words than in response to negative cue words. Participants with BD and HCs did not differ significantly in neuropsychological measures. Across both groups, scores of verbal memory, executive functions, and attention were significantly correlated with specificity of retrieved memories. Limitations: Although our clinical sample consisted of clinically stable outpatients, 6 out of 20 patients were not rated as euthymic but as mildly depressed. All BD patients were medicated. Conclusion: Contrary to previous results, patients with BD did not differ in the number of specific memories compared to an HC group. Our findings suggest that neuropsychological functioning is associated with AMT specificity. Further research is required to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms which may influence the ease of memory retrieval.

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Autobiographical memory in the euthymic phase of recurrent depression.

Cited by 70 publications

References 50 publications

Unravelling Autobiographical Retrograde Amnesia Following Bitemporal Electroconvulsive Therapy: Effect of Treatment versus Effect of Time

Unravelling Autobiographical Retrograde Amnesia Following Bitemporal Electroconvulsive Therapy: Effect of Treatment versus Effect of Time

Residual cognitive impairments in remitted depressed patients

Autobiographical Memory in Bipolar Disorder and Its Link to Neuropsychological Functioning

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