Autocrine and Paracrine Promotion of Cell Survival and Virus Replication by Human Herpesvirus 8 Chemokines

Abstract

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8

Role of ORF74-Encoded Viral G Protein-Coupled Receptor in Human Herpesvirus 8 Lytic Replication

“…Infection and establishment of latency were confirmed by immunofluorescence staining for latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) in parallel cultures (data not shown). The results of these experiments demonstrated depletion of cumulative HHV-8 titers derived over a 6-day period (shown previously to allow for maximum virus production [6]) following TPA treatment in vGPCR sh1-transduced relative to NS-shRNA-transduced cultures (Fig. 3C).…”

Toxin-induced RhoA Activity Mediates CCL1-triggered Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription Protein Signaling

“…Most interestingly, CCL1 is encoded by an open reading frame of the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), which is associated with the endothelial tumor Karposi sarcoma. It has been reported that v-CCL1 enhances endothelial survival (40). One may speculate that the virus-produced CCL1 could play a role in promoting tumor formation by activating migration of tumor cells and by inducing STAT signaling.…”

KSHV and the pathogenesis of Kaposi sarcoma: listening to human biology and medicine

“…But viral chemokines can also affect the microvasculature by promoting endothelial cell migration (168), upregulating VEGF expression (169), and stimulating angiogenesis (164,170). Recent studies (171) reveal that the viral chemokine ligands v-CCL1 and v-CCL2 can promote the survival of primary endothelial cells by inhibiting Bim expression and thereby blocking apoptosis.…”