Autocrine CCL2, CXCL4, CXCL9 and CXCL10 signal in retinal endothelial cells and are enhanced in diabetic retinopathy

Nawaz, Mohd Imtiaz; Raemdonck, Katrien Van; Mohammad, Ghulam; Kangave, Dustan; Damme, Jo Van; El‐Asrar, Ahmed M. Abu; Struyf, Sofie

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2013.01.008

Cited by 73 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Once they were activated near the site of pathology, the recruited cells can produce more inflammatory mediators, thus inducing inflammation response [10,36]. Similarly, MCP-1 and MIP-1α in vitreous fluid from PDR patients were significantly higher than that of from control groups [37]. IL-10, a pleiotropic TH 2 cytokine, has obvious suppressive effects on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by monocytes-macrophages and inhibits the expression of activating molecules on these cells and dendrite cells [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Apelin activates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in microglial BV2 cells via PI-3K/Akt and MEK/Erk pathways

Chen

Tao

Jiang

2015

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Apelin activates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in microglial BV2 cells via PI-3K/Akt and MEK/Erk pathways

Chen

Tao

Jiang

2015

Sci. China Life Sci.

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“…Vascular endothelial cells expressing CCR2, the receptor for MCP-1, demonstrate chemotaxis and tube formation in response to stimulation with MCP-1 in vitro. 28 Therefore, MCP-1 may directly or indirectly participate in induction of neovascularization in PDR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, there have been many reports showing that MCP-1 is increased in the vitreous fluid of PDR patients. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Therefore, at first, we investigated the presence of fibrocytes in samples of vitreous fluid and FVMs from PDR patients. We also investigated the correlation between the number of fibrocytes and the concentration of MCP-1 in vitreous fluid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibrocytes and Fibrovascular Membrane Formation in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Tamaki

Usui‐Ouchi

Murakami

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether fibrocytes participate in formation of the fibrovascular membrane (FVM) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).METHODS. Vitreous fluid and FVM samples were obtained during vitrectomy in patients with PDR. Samples from patients with macular hole or epiretinal membrane were used as controls. Vitreous fluid and FVM samples were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, cells isolated from the vitreous fluid of PDR and control patients were cultured in serum-free medium. Fibrocytes were identified among these cells by morphological and immunohistochemical analyses. We examined the number of fibrocytes in PDR patients and control patients. Also, the concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), pentraxin3, and serum amyloid P (SAP) in vitreous fluid samples from PDR patients and control patients were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS. Fibrocytes were observed in the vitreous and FVM samples from PDR patients. Cells cultured from the vitreous samples of PDR patients were spindle shaped and expressed fibrocyte markers. TGF-b1 induced differentiation of these cells into myofibroblasts. The number of fibrocytes was higher in samples from PDR patients than in samples from control patient. The vitreous fluid concentration of MCP-1 was significantly higher in PDR patients than in controls and showed a significant positive correlation with the number of fibrocytes from the vitreous fluid. Vitreous fluid concentrations of pentraxin3 and SAP were also higher in PDR patients than in control patients.CONCLUSIONS. These findings indicate that fibrocytes may be involved in development of the FVM in PDR.

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“…This leakage can cause diabetic macular edema (DME) [5]. Several studies have shown marked increases of VEGF in vitreous and vitreous compared to plasma concentration in DME and PDR patients [19,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. Treatments that target VEGF have been proven highly effective in treating DR. VEGF antibodies, which were originally used for cancer treatments, such as bevacizumab and its correlate ranibizumab have been used effectively.…”

Section: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are several biomarkers that can be found in diabetic retinopathy patients including biomarkers of oxidative stress, hypoxiainducible factors, angiogenic factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, cell adhesion molecules, and CD200. The value of these biomarkers tells us their possible role in the progression of diabetic retinopathy [5,6,[18][19][20][21] (Figure 2). …”

Section: Vitreous Biomarkers In Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: An Overview of Vitreous Immune and Biomarkers

Victor¹,

Sitompul²

2018

Early Events in Diabetic Retinopathy and Intervention Strategies

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This chapter discusses about the effect of vitreous immune system and biomarkers on the progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Immune system and biomarkers have been believed to have an important role in the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity. Hyperglycemic will influence immune cells resulting in chronic inflammation on the retina. This condition progressively disrupts the blood-retinal barrier in retina causing those inflammatory molecules and immune cells to transfer from circulation. The transfer of these molecules plays an important part in the progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. In addition, biomarkers are indicators for some complex processes happened in our body, and are measured to determine diagnosis and prognosis of some treatment. There are several biomarkers that have been identified in DR patients including biomarkers of oxidative stress, hypoxia-inducible factors, angiogenic factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, cell adhesion molecules, and soluble CD200. The value of these biomarkers will tell us their possible role in the progression of DR. By improving the knowledge of molecular pathway in DR pathophysiology, the advancement of selective therapy approaches could be discovered and the management of DR could be more efficient.

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Autocrine CCL2, CXCL4, CXCL9 and CXCL10 signal in retinal endothelial cells and are enhanced in diabetic retinopathy

Cited by 73 publications

References 34 publications

Apelin activates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in microglial BV2 cells via PI-3K/Akt and MEK/Erk pathways

Apelin activates the expression of inflammatory cytokines in microglial BV2 cells via PI-3K/Akt and MEK/Erk pathways

Fibrocytes and Fibrovascular Membrane Formation in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: An Overview of Vitreous Immune and Biomarkers

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