Autogenous bone particles combined with platelet‑rich plasma can stimulate bone regeneration in rabbits

Abstract

Long-term bone defects are a key clinical problem. Autogenous bone graft remains the gold standard for the treatment of these defects; however, improving the osteogenic properties and reducing the amount of autogenous bone is challenging. Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been widely considered for treatment, due to its potentially beneficial effect on bone regeneration and vascularization. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of autogenous bone particles combined with PRP on repairing segmental bone defects in rabbits. Briefly, a critical-size diaphyseal radius defect was established in 45 New Zealand White rabbits. Animals were randomly divided into four groups, according to the different implants: Group A, empty bone defect; group B, PRP; group C, autogenous bone particles + bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the left radius; group D, autogenous bone particles + PRP + BMSCs on the right radius. Bone samples were collected and further analyzed using X-ray, histology and histomorphometry 4, 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery. In addition, the effect of PRP on cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 and the concentrations of growth factors (GFs), transforming GF (TGF)-β1 and platelet-derived GF (PDGF), in PRP were verified by ELISA. X-ray, histology and histomorphometry data revealed that the fraction area of the newly formed bone was larger in group D. In addition, PRP could improve cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and the release of GFs, TGF-β1 and PDGF-AB. In conclusion, these findings indicated that an autogenous bone particle + PRP + BMSC scaffold may be used as a potential treatment strategy for segmental defects in humans.

3D bioprinted autologous bone particle scaffolds for cranioplasty promote bone regeneration with both implanted and native BMSCs

“…The boneregeneration effect of AB is mainly due to their ability to induce osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, as verified in previous experiments by our group [13]. Previous data revealed that adding AB to scaffolds could promote bone regeneration [34][35][36]. In our previous study, we also found that AB could promote bone regeneration in skull defects [13], but the underlying mechanism was unclear.…”

Evaluation of Bone Regenerative Capacity in Rabbit Femoral Defect Using Thermally Disinfected Bone Human Femoral Head Combined with Platelet-Rich Plasma, Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2, and Zoledronic Acid

“…The results obtained are consistent with clinical and experimental studies demonstrating the positive effect of PRP on bone regeneration at an early stage due to the release of several growth factors, such as PDGF, TGF-β, and VEGF [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Furthermore, growth factors contained in PRP stimulate the angiogenesis and proliferation of osteoprogenitor cells only in the very early period after transplantation [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. In our study, the use of PRP resulted in faster bone formation compared to the other groups in the early stages.…”

The effect of the platelet-rich plasma on osteogenic potential of the periosteum in an animal bone defect model

“…They used PRP as a source for growth factors to induce osteoprogenitor cells. Most recently, Xie et al[ 28 ] applied PRP with autogenous bone particles on a rabbit bone defect model and detected increased growth factor concentrations and cell proliferation in the regenerated bone tissue. Halpern et al[ 29 ] also examined tissue healing effects of PRP in musculoskeletal pathologies.…”