Autoimmune complications of COVID-19 and potential consequences for long-lasting disease syndromes

Amiral, Jean; Seghatchian, Jerard

doi:10.1016/j.transci.2022.103625

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…First, they use IgM isotypes, evolving progressively to IgG isotypes, but anamnestic immune responses can induce the rapid generation of IgGs (like in HIT). Simultaneously, presence of IgA isotypes can be frequently observed, as it has been reported in many different situations [26,33,35,37]. For some autoimmune diseases, IgA isotypes remain rare, but in other cases, they are frequently observed [26,33].…”

Section: Kinetics Of Autoantigens and Autoantibodiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The viral infection is then ubiquitous if not controlled rapidly by the body's innate and adaptive immune responses. ACE2 is therefore a potential target for autoantibodies, and they have been confirmed in a subset of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [24][25][26][27]. Viral diseases provoke cell destruction and systemic inflammation at infected sites, with recruitment and expansion of leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, and lymphocytes [natural killers (NKs) and helpers], and later production of specific T and B lymphocytes.…”

Section: Causative Factors For Generation Of Autoantibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generation and pathogenicity of autoantibodies associated to thrombosis and hemostasis

Amiral

2024

Explor Immunol

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Many acquired bleeding and thrombotic complications are provoked by autoantibodies to blood coagulation factors, or to hemostasis inhibitors and regulatory proteins. If occurrence of those antibodies remains rare or ultra-rare, affected patients are not always well-identified and associated pathologies are not always understood. Today, autoantigens tend to be better characterized. New available methods allow investigating structural changes of body components, responsible for auto-immunization. This renders it possible to develop laboratory assays for detecting autoantibodies and estimating their blood concentration. This review analyzes the major autoantibodies reported to be associated with hemorrhagic or thrombotic pathologies and their possible inducing causes when known. Pathogenicity is strongly patient- and context-dependent and is related to autoantibodies’ concentration, avidity, and capacity to bind to autoantigen structures in-vivo, misdirecting the immune system to the own body’s cells or organs. Identification of autoantigens allows for developing laboratory methods for testing autoantibodies and following their evolution kinetics. In-vitro investigations concern functional assays, to evaluate autoantibody’s capacity to inhibit physiological activities, or autoantigen-capture-based assays to detect autoantibodies, like with enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) methods. Exploring patients with autoimmune complications remains difficult as few specific assays are available. They mainly concern diseases with the highest incidence, like anti-phospholipid antibodies, lupus anticoagulants, or heparin-dependent antibodies. The present understanding suggests that antibodies to ubiquitous components, like phospholipids or polysaccharides, are actually targeted to proteins with a strong affinity binding to those components: Autoantibodies are not directed to phospholipids, but to phospholipid-binding proteins, and heparin-dependent antibodies are not directed to anticoagulant polysaccharides, but to platelet factor 4. Most pathogenic autoantibodies are of immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotype, but in some cases, IgM or IgA isotypes can be involved. Identification and characterization of autoantibodies associated to hemorrhagic or thrombotic pathologies remains complex at the laboratory level, although they are of high relevance for the right management of concerned patients.

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Section: Kinetics Of Autoantigens and Autoantibodiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Causative Factors For Generation Of Autoantibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation and pathogenicity of autoantibodies associated to thrombosis and hemostasis

Amiral

2024

Explor Immunol

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“…The Sars-Cov-2 virus is responsible for Covid-19, a disease that has impacted the entire world and is blamed for the induction and exacerbation of immunocompromised patients and carriers of autoimmune diseases. (6,7,10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…COVID-19 has been described as triggering or responsible for relapses in patients with autoimmune diseases (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Impact in Crohn’s Disease Patients Underwent Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Ruiz¹,

Kaiser²,

Piron-Ruiz

et al. 2023

Preprint

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SARS COV 2 is the virus responsible for COVID-19, a disease that has been blamed for inducing or exacerbating symptoms in patients with autoimmune diseases. Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects genetically susceptible patients who develop an abnormal mucosal immune response to the intestinal microbiota. Patients who underwent Hematopoietic Stem cell Transplantation are considered at risk for COVID-19. The objective of this report was to describe for the first time the impact of COVID-19 in a group of 50 patients with Crohn's Disease (CD, 28 females, and 22 male) with a mean age of 38 years, previously submitted to Autologous, non-myeloablative, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (Auto HSCT) between 2013 and 2021. In this series, 19 patients were diagnosed with positive COVID-19. In two (2) patients there was a report of the occurrence of two infectious episodes. Parameters related to HSCT, such as time elapsed since the procedure, vaccination status, CD status before and after infection, and clinical manifestations resulting from COVID-19, were evaluated. Among the patients with COVID-19, in three, submitted to Auto HSCT less than six (6) months ago, there was a change in the CD status, and one of them, in addition to the CD symptoms, started to present thyroid impairment with positive anti-TPO. Only one of the patients required hospitalization for five days to treat COVID-19 and remained in CD clinical remission. Nine patients reported late symptoms that may be related to COVID-19. There were no deaths, and the statistical evaluation of the series of COVID-19 patients after HSCT and those who did not present an infectious episode did not present significant data regarding the analyzed parameters. Despite the change in CD status in three patients and the presence of nine patients with late symptoms, we can conclude that there was no significant adverse impact concerning COVID-19 in the evaluated patients who underwent HSCT to treat CD. Key Words: Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn Disease, SARs COV 2, COVID - 19, Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Stem Cell Therapy.

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“…2.75, XBB.1.16, XBB.1.9.2 and XBB.2.3, etc.) continues to pose a global threat to individual safety ( Amiral and Seghatchian, 2022 ; GISAID, 2023 ; WHO, 2023 ). Therefore, the development of a universal and consistent identification system for coronavirus is crucial to assist medical professionals in effectively responding to future crises.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA barcode segments for SARS-CoV-2 identification from HCoVs and SARSr-CoV-2 lineages

You,

Jiang,

Ding

et al. 2024

Virologica Sinica

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Autoimmune complications of COVID-19 and potential consequences for long-lasting disease syndromes

Cited by 12 publications

References 111 publications

Generation and pathogenicity of autoantibodies associated to thrombosis and hemostasis

Generation and pathogenicity of autoantibodies associated to thrombosis and hemostasis

COVID-19 Impact in Crohn’s Disease Patients Underwent Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

RNA barcode segments for SARS-CoV-2 identification from HCoVs and SARSr-CoV-2 lineages

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