2009
DOI: 10.1586/eci.09.23
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Autoimmune disease triggered by infection with alphaproteobacteria

Abstract: Despite having long been postulated, compelling evidence for the theory that microbial triggers drive autoimmunity has only recently been reported. A specific association between Novosphingobium aromaticivorans, an ubiquitous alphaproteobacterium, and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) has been uncovered in patients with PBC. Notably, the association between Novosphingobium infection and PBC has been confirmed in a mouse model in which infection leads to the development of liver lesions resembling PBC concomitant… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(13 citation statements)
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“…The diverse panel of bacteria was selected to include clinically important pathogens such as the Gram-positive bacteria S. pneumoniae , Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus , the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa , S. typhimurium , and E. coli , the spirochete B. burgdorferi , the mycobacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis , and the α-proteobacteria Sphingomonas capsulata , Novosphingobium aromaticivorans , and Sphingomonas yanoikuyae . Members of the class of α-proteobacteria are known to cause opportunistic infections in humans and have been associated with the induction of autoimmunity ( Mohammed and Mattner, 2009 ; Ryan and Adley, 2010 ). Furthermore, iNKT cells are critical in mice for protective immunity to infection with S. pneumoniae , B. burgdorferi , P. aeruginosa , S. capsulata , and L. monocytogenes , and iNKT cells have been implicated in the development of primary biliary cirrhosis in a mouse model after infection with N. aromaticivorans (see Table I for summary and references).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The diverse panel of bacteria was selected to include clinically important pathogens such as the Gram-positive bacteria S. pneumoniae , Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus , the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa , S. typhimurium , and E. coli , the spirochete B. burgdorferi , the mycobacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis , and the α-proteobacteria Sphingomonas capsulata , Novosphingobium aromaticivorans , and Sphingomonas yanoikuyae . Members of the class of α-proteobacteria are known to cause opportunistic infections in humans and have been associated with the induction of autoimmunity ( Mohammed and Mattner, 2009 ; Ryan and Adley, 2010 ). Furthermore, iNKT cells are critical in mice for protective immunity to infection with S. pneumoniae , B. burgdorferi , P. aeruginosa , S. capsulata , and L. monocytogenes , and iNKT cells have been implicated in the development of primary biliary cirrhosis in a mouse model after infection with N. aromaticivorans (see Table I for summary and references).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Aberrant cytokine production is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune diseases. For example, IFN-Îł contributes to the development of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis and liver damage in a liver-specific autoimmune disease model induced by alphaproteobacterium Novosphingobium aromaticivorans (N. aro) [7] , [8] , [9] . A small fraction of effector cells can further differentiate into memory cells, which are major players in recall immune responses [10] .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…and those belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria class is unusual as it contains glycosphingolipids (GSLs) instead of lipopolysaccharides [18,19]. The unique cell wall of these bacteria activates distinct innate immune pathways that may trigger the development of liver-speci c pathological conditions [17]. Mice infected with N. aromaticivorans, belonging to the genus Sphingomonadaceae, developed antibodies against PDC-E2 and had liver histology similar to patients with PBC [9].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%