While many individuals utilize massage therapy, there is a relative paucity of research on its effectiveness. In addition to a lack of familiarity with documented massage therapy effects, practicing psychologists may not be aware of the training, experience, and credentials required for massage therapy and thus may be reluctant to make referrals, or may risk making inappropriate referrals. The present article aims to define and describe massage therapy, and to survey the clinical conditions and populations for which evidence supports the utilization of massage therapy. Existing research supports the effectiveness of massage therapy for pain reduction, anxiety, and depression, and for a range of clinical conditions, from premature infants to the agitated elderly, and from various autoimmune and immune conditions to various sleep disorders, spinal cord injuries, and strokes. Furthermore, the current status of massage therapy training, certification, and licensure will be described and the relevance and significance of massage therapy for psychology will be discussed.