Autoimmunity induced by chemicals

Bigazzi, Pierluigi E.

doi:10.3109/15563658809000343

Cited by 75 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The study of murine Hg-induced autoimmunity is important because of the many reported associations between various drugs, chemicals, or pollutants and human autoimmune diseases [18,19]. Heavy metals are frequent environmental pollutants and ANoA were detected by immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells using isotype-specific FITC conjugates [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury-induced autoimmunity in the absence of IL-4

Bagenstose

Salgame

Monestier

1998

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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In susceptible H‐2s mice, mercuric chloride (HgCl2) induces an autoimmune syndrome characterized by production of anti‐nucleolar antibodies (ANoA) and increased serum levels of IgG1 and IgE antibodies. The increase in serum IgG1 and IgE, which are under IL‐4 control, suggests a role for the Th2 subset in the induction of this syndrome. We have previously shown that administration of IL‐12, a potent Th1‐promoting cytokine, resulted in a dramatic reduction of the HgCl2‐induced anti‐nucleolar antibody titres and inhibited serum IgG1 increase. These results suggest that Th1 T cells can down‐regulate ANoA, and support a role for the Th2 subset in ANoA production, possibly via IL‐4. To examine the role of IL‐4 in this syndrome, C57Bl/6 mice (H‐2b) with a targeted deletion of the IL‐4 gene were mated with A.SW mice (H‐2s) to yield H‐2s mice lacking IL‐4. We then analysed ANoA and serum immunoglobulin levels in these mice after HgCl2 treatment. While mercury‐treated IL‐4−/− H‐2s mice had virtually no detectable serum IgG1 or IgE, and very low levels of IgG1 ANoA, these mice had levels of IgG2a and IgG2b class ANoA comparable to mercury‐treated IL‐4+ H‐2s mice, indicating that IL‐4 is not required for the ANoA response in mercury‐induced autoimmunity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury-induced autoimmunity in the absence of IL-4

Bagenstose

Salgame

Monestier

1998

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…A number of chemical and environmental agents as well as pharmaceuticals may lead to autoimmune diseases in experimental animals or humans [Bigazzi, 1988;Kammuller et al, 1989]. The consequences regarding the effects of immunosuppression/depression in humans have been extensively studied.…”

Section: Consequences Of Immunotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotoxic effects of chemicals: A matrix for occupational and environmental epidemiological studies

Veraldi¹,

Costantini²,

Bolejack³

et al. 2006

American J Industrial Med

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Background Many biological and chemical agents have the capacity to alter the way the immune system functions in human and animals. This study evaluates the immunotoxicity of 20 substances used widely in work environments. Methods A systematic literature search on the immunotoxicity of 20 chemicals was performed. The first step was to review literature on immunotoxicity testing and testing schemes adopted for establishing immunotoxicity in humans. The second step consisted of providing a documentation on immunotoxicity of substances that are widely used in work environment, by building tables for each chemical of interest (benzene, trichloroethylene, PAHs, crystalline silica, diesel exhausts, welding fumes, asbestos, styrene, formaldehyde, toluene, vinyl chloride monomer, tetrachloroethylene, chlorophenols, 1,3‐butadiene, mineral oils, P‐dichlorobenzene, dichloromethane, xylene, 1,1,1‐trichloroethane, ethylene oxide). The third step was the classification of substances; an index (strong, intermediate, weak, nil) was assigned on the basis of the evidence of toxicity and type of immunotoxic effects (immunosuppression, autoimmunity, hypersensitivity) on the basis of the immune responses. Finally substances were assigned a score of immunotoxic power. Results Tables have been produced that include information for the 20 substances of interest, based on 227 animal studies and 94 human studies. Each substance was assigned an index of immunotoxic evidence, a score of immunotoxic power and type of immunotoxic effect. Conclusions This matrix can represent a tool to identify chemicals with similar properties concerning the toxicity for the immune system, and to interpret epidemiological studies on immune‐related diseases. Am. J. Ind. Med. 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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“…10 Os sais de mercúrio e vapores de Hg têm sido usados como modelo de indução de glomerulonefrite em determinadas cepas de ratos, Brown Norway e Wistar rats. 68 Estudos sobre imunoglobulinas e outros parâme-tros imunológicos têm sido realizados em trabalhadores expostos a altas e a baixas concentrações de mercúrio, comparando-os a um grupo-controle.…”

Section: Manifestações Renais E Alterações Imunológicasunclassified

Mercuralismo metálico crônico ocupacional

Faria

2003

Rev. Saúde Pública

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ResumoRevisão que analisa os conhecimento atuais das manifestações do mercuralismo crônico ocupacional. Avaliaram-se os principais estudos e revisões científicas concernentes às formas clínicas e fisiopatogenia desta intoxicação. Foram pesquisadas, entre outras fontes, as bases de dados Medline e Lilacs. O eretismo ou a síndrome neuropsíquica caracterizada por sintomas de irritabilidade, ansiedade, mudanças de comportamento, apatia, perda da auto-estima e de memória, depressão, insônia, delírio, cefaléia, dores musculares e tremores é observada após a exposição ao mercúrio metálico. Manifestações de hipertensão arterial, renais, imunológicas e alérgicas são freqüentes. A falta de medidas preventivas aumenta o risco da doença em indústrias, no garimpo e consultórios odontológicos. A legislação brasileira assinala 16 manifestações clínicas determinadas pela intoxicação, todavia ocorre subdiagnóstico. O diagnóstico clínico é importante e as novas tecnologias médicas podem detectar alterações do sistema nervoso central, renal e imunológico, proporcionando avanços no conhecimento neuroimuno-toxicológico e nas medidas de prevenção do mercuralismo. Abstract

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Autoimmunity induced by chemicals

Cited by 75 publications

References 66 publications

Mercury-induced autoimmunity in the absence of IL-4

Mercury-induced autoimmunity in the absence of IL-4

Immunotoxic effects of chemicals: A matrix for occupational and environmental epidemiological studies

Mercuralismo metálico crônico ocupacional

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