Autologous bioscaffolds based on different concentrations of platelet rich plasma and synovial fluid as a vehicle for mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

In the field of tissue engineering, diverse types of bioscaffolds are being developed currently for osteochondral defect applications. In this work, a novel scaffold based on platelet rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been evaluated to observe its effect on immobilized cells. The bioscaffolds were prepared by mixing different volumes of synovial fluid (SF) with PRP from patients obtaining three formulations at PRP-SF ratios of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 (v/v). The live/dead staining revealed that although the cell number of each type of bioscaffold was different, these this constructs provide cells with a suitable environment for their viability and proliferation. Moreover, immobilized MSCs showed their ability to secrete fibrinolytic enzymes, which vary depending on the fibrin amount of the scaffold. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the positive staining for collagen type II in all cases, proving the biologic action of SF derived MSCs together with the suitable characteristics of the bioscaffold for chondrogenic differentiation. Considering all these aspects, this study demonstrates that these cells-based constructs represent an attractive method for cell immobilization, achieving completely autologous and biocompatible scaffolds. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 377-385, 2018.

Platelet-Rich Plasma for Injured Peripheral Nerves: Biological Repair Process and Clinical Application Guidelines

“…On the other hand, plasma activation also promotes the polymerization of fibrinogen into a three-dimensional fibrin scaffold (Figure 1), maintaining the bioactive mediators trapped through fibrin heparin sulfate-binding domains [1]. This biocompatible and biodegradable scaffold provides plastic-elastic stiffness and generates GF gradients that are essential cues for cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and correct orientation in the nascent tissue [7]. When fibrinolysis begins, a gradual, sustained release of GF and other biomolecules occurs, in contrast to a bolus delivery modality.…”

The clinical efficacy of using autologous platelet-rich plasma in total hip arthroplasty

“…Hip arthroplasty is often associated with significant perioperative complications including blood loss necessitating blood transfusions, which can lead to multiple adverse reactions, infection transmission, and longer hospital stay. [ 8 – 10 ] PRP is rich in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin-like growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor beta 1/2, and other growth factors. These growth factors play an important role in the regulation of cell regeneration, differentiation, and extracellular matrix synthesis.…”