Autologous Platelet and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma as Therapeutic Fluid: A Review

Troha, Kaja; Vozel, Domen; Arko, Matevž; Zavec, Apolonija Bedina; Dolinar, Drago; Hočevar, Matej; Jan, Zala; Kisovec, Matic; Kocjančič, Boštjan; Pađen, Ljubiša; Pajnič, Manca; Penič, Samo; Romolo, Anna; Repar, Neža; Spasovski, Vesna; Steiner, Nejc; Šuštar, Vid; Iglič, Aleš; Drobne, Damjana; Kogej, Ksenija; Battelino, Saba; Kralj‐Iglič, Veronika

doi:10.3390/ijms24043420

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 267 publications

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“…Therefore, this PL gel is likely to be used as a short-term treatment in the future. The application of platelet lysate in gel form is better than liquid form because gel prevents the platelet content from dispersing from the desired site to other parts [ 25 ]. Thus, the gel can restrict the movement of molecular content and increase the effectiveness of the treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Platelet Lysate Gels Derived from Different Blood Sources on Oral Mucosal Wound Healing: An In Vitro Study

Azhar

Budin

et al. 2023

Gels

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The rapid healing of oral ulcers is important to prevent secondary infection, especially for chronic oral ulcers. Platelet lysate (PL) is rich in growth factors for cell growth and promotes tissue regeneration. Hence, this study was performed to compare the effects of PL originating from umbilical cord blood (CB) and peripheral blood (PB) on oral mucosal wound healing. The PLs were molded into gel form in the culture insert with the addition of calcium chloride and conditioned medium for sustained release of growth factors. The CB-PL and PB-PL gels were found to degrade slowly in culture and their degradation percentages by weight were 5.28 ± 0.72% and 9.55 ± 1.82% respectively. The results from the scratch assay and Alamar blue assay showed that the CB-PL and PB-PL gels increased the proliferation (148 ± 3% and 149 ± 3%) and wound closure (94.17 ± 1.77% and 92.75 ± 1.80%) of oral mucosal fibroblasts compared to the control with no statistical differences between the two gels, respectively. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that mRNA expressions of collagen-I, collagen-III, fibronectin, and elastin genes in cells treated with CB-PL (11-, 7-, 2-, and 7-fold) and PB-PL (17-, 14-, 3-, and 7-fold) decreased compared with the control, respectively. The concentration of platelet-derived growth factor of PB-PL gel (1303.10 ± 343.96 pg/mL) showed a higher trend than CB-PL gel did (905.48 ± 69.65 pg/mL) from ELISA measurement. In summary, CB-PL gel is as effective as PB-PL gel in supporting oral mucosal wound healing, making it a potential new source of PL for regenerative treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Platelet Lysate Gels Derived from Different Blood Sources on Oral Mucosal Wound Healing: An In Vitro Study

Azhar

Budin

et al. 2023

Gels

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“…Owing to the repetitive nature of the commonly employed treatment strategies for chronic tissue injuries, there has been an enormous socio-economic burden worldwide. The advent of the various forms of PRP and its derivatives, which have prolonged shelf life and the provision of their storage as lyophilized products without loss of efficacy, allows for the creation of a readily available source of therapeutics with multifold applications [218]. The field of patient care and treatment options has been revolutionized by groundbreaking technologies and innovations such as 3D printing [219].…”

Section: Challenges and Future Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in platelet-rich plasma and its derivatives: therapeutic agents for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Shome,

Kodieswaran,

Dadheech

et al. 2024

Prog. Biomed. Eng.

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Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is a suspension of bioactive factors and chemokine enriched plasma. Platelets are a distinctive source of membrane bound and soluble proteins that are released upon their activation. The higher count of platelets renders PRP with an array of tissue regenerative abilities. PRP can be employed in the form of platelet containing plasma, platelet lysate plasma, or in the form of a pre-gelled fibrin matrix. PRP has been an essential alternative source of growth factors in the healing and regeneration of various tissues, such as musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and dermal tissue, with additional applications in other tissues, such as hepatic and neural. A wide range of preparative and isolation strategies have been developed for various forms of PRP at laboratory and commercial scales. Concomitantly, PRP has found its applicability as an active component in several tissue regenerative approaches, including 3D printed/bioprinted constructs, injectable hydrogels, and crosslinked scaffolds. This review focuses on the various forms of PRP and their preparation methods, the latest tissue engineering applications of PRP, and the various tissue-specific clinical trials and findings conducted using PRP. We have further discussed the optimizations required in the methods of preparation, delivery, and long-term storage of PRP. Therefore, this review seeks to benefit the scope of research on PRP-based therapeutic agents in tissue engineering by providing comprehensive insights into the widespread application. We believe PRP could be instrumental in future patient-specific tissue engineering applications in both pre-clinical and clinical settings.

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“…The most abundant proteins in platelets are signaling proteins, including growth factors (epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), chemokines and other cytokines (interleukin-1β, platelet basic protein, platelet factor 4, and C-C chemokine ligand 5), adhesion proteins (vitamin d-binding proteins, fibrinogen, fibrinogen, fibronectin, and vitreous connecting proteins), proteases, and antiproteases ( 177 ). On the other hand, platelets contain amino acids, hormones (insulin, estradiol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, androgens, estrogen, progesterone, and human growth hormone), corticosteroids, thyroxine, serotonin, adrenaline, histamine, enzymes, vitamins, organic acids, pigments, ions, dissolved gases, nutrient molecules, and metabolic products ( 178 ). Wound healing can be accelerated and supplied with substances through Autologous platelet-rich plasma dressings due to the many active ingredients enriched in platelets.…”

Section: Classification and Active Ingredients Of Dressingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and progress in research on dressing management for diabetic foot ulcer

Jiang,

Li,

Luo

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a major complication of diabetes and is associated with a high risk of lower limb amputation and mortality. During their lifetime, 19%–34% of patients with diabetes can develop DFU. It is estimated that 61% of DFU become infected and 15% of those with DFU require amputation. Furthermore, developing a DFU increases the risk of mortality by 50%–68% at 5 years, higher than some cancers. Current standard management of DFU includes surgical debridement, the use of topical dressings and wound decompression, vascular assessment, and glycemic control. Among these methods, local treatment with dressings builds a protective physical barrier, maintains a moist environment, and drains the exudate from DFU wounds. This review summarizes the development, pathophysiology, and healing mechanisms of DFU. The latest research progress and the main application of dressings in laboratory and clinical stage are also summarized. The dressings discussed in this review include traditional dressings (gauze, oil yarn, traditional Chinese medicine, and others), basic dressings (hydrogel, hydrocolloid, sponge, foam, film agents, and others), bacteriostatic dressings, composite dressings (collagen, nanomaterials, chitosan dressings, and others), bioactive dressings (scaffold dressings with stem cells, decellularized wound matrix, autologous platelet enrichment plasma, and others), and dressings that use modern technology (3D bioprinting, photothermal effects, bioelectric dressings, microneedle dressings, smart bandages, orthopedic prosthetics and regenerative medicine). The dressing management challenges and limitations are also summarized. The purpose of this review is to help readers understand the pathogenesis and healing mechanism of DFU, help physicians select dressings correctly, provide an updated overview of the potential of biomaterials and devices and their application in DFU management, and provide ideas for further exploration and development of dressings. Proper use of dressings can promote DFU healing, reduce the cost of treating DFU, and reduce patient pain.

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Autologous Platelet and Extracellular Vesicle-Rich Plasma as Therapeutic Fluid: A Review

Cited by 14 publications

References 267 publications

Effects of Platelet Lysate Gels Derived from Different Blood Sources on Oral Mucosal Wound Healing: An In Vitro Study

Effects of Platelet Lysate Gels Derived from Different Blood Sources on Oral Mucosal Wound Healing: An In Vitro Study

Recent advances in platelet-rich plasma and its derivatives: therapeutic agents for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

Current status and progress in research on dressing management for diabetic foot ulcer

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