Automated 96-well solid phase extraction and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric method for the analysis of cetirizine (ZYRTEC®) in human plasma—with emphasis on method ruggedness

Comparison of HPLC and CE methods for the determination of cetirizine dihydrochloride in human plasma samples

“…The UV detection has been the most common detector used for its simplicity and low cost, while the mass spectrometry has been less frequently applied due to the high instrumentation cost. The sample preparation procedure developed in this work, including single liquid-liquid extraction, was optimized to eliminate time-consuming purification steps (Choi et al, 2000a;Kim et al, 2005;Pandya et al, 1996), entailing a derivatization procedure (Baltes et al, 1988) and solid-phase extraction (Song et al, 2005), as used in previous work. Several earlier published works have described the assay of racemic cetirizine in biological samples.…”

“…A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection (UV) is the most widely used technique (Macek et al, 1999;Choi et al, 2000a, b;Kim et al, 2005;Zaater et al, 2000;Moncrieff, 1992;Jelinska et al, 2000Jelinska et al, , 2001Paw et al, 2002;Arayne et al, 2005;Bajerski et al, 2005;El Walily et al, 1998;Jaber et al, 2004;Nagaralli et al, 2003;Likar et al, 2005;Rosseel and Lefebvre, 1991) or liquid chromatography with spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS) (Gergov et al, 2001;Gupta et al, 2005;de Jager et al, 2002;Rudaz et al, 2003;Song et al, 2005;Tan et al, 2006). Previously published methods included also gas chromatography (GC) (Baltes et al, 1988), high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) (Makhija and Vavia, 2001;Pandya et al, 1996), electrooxidation (Güngör, 2004), spectrophotometric (El Walily et al, 1998;Mahgoub et al, 2003;Gowda et al, 2001;Basavaiah and Charan, 2002;Basavaiah et al, 1999;Gazy et al, 2002), titrimetric technique (Basavaiah and Charan, 2002) for cetirizine determination and assay based on cetirizine-tetraphenylborate ion-pair analysis (Shoukry et al, 1999).…”

“…A literature survey reveals that the majority of the papers describe the measurement in pharmaceutical formulations (Jelinska et al, 2000(Jelinska et al, , 2001Paw et al, 2002;Arayne et al, 2005;Bajerski et al, 2005;El Walily et al, 1998;Jaber et al, 2004;Nagaralli et al, 2003;Likar et al, 2005;Rudaz et al, 2003;Makhija et al, 2001;Güngör, 2004;Mahgoub et al, 2003;Gowda et al, 2001;Basavaiah and Charan, 2002;Basavaiah et al, 1999;Gazy et al, 2002;Shoukry et al, 1999). There are only a few reports on the cetirizine analysis in human (Macek et al, 1999;Kim et al, 2005;Nagaralli et al, 2003;de Jager et al, 2002;Song et al, 2005;Tan et al, 2006;Baltes et al, 1988;Pandya et al, 1996) or animal plasma samples (Choi et al, 2000a;Gupta et al, 2005), which have been based on HPLC following some form of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) (Macek et al, 1999;Choi et al, 2000a;Kim et al, 2005;Nagaralli et al, 2003;Gupta et al, 2005;de Jager et al, 2002;Tan et al, 2006) or solidphase extraction (SPE) (Song et al, 2005). Some methods have been described for quantitation of cetirizine also in serum (Zaater et al, 2000;Moncrieff, 1992), blood …”

The advantages of ESI‐MS detection in conjunction with HILIC mode separations: Fundamentals and applications

“…A new method was developed using direct injection of SPE extracts for the analysis of isoniazid 5 and cetirizine 6 by HILIC-ESI-MS/MS [90]. This method was then improved into a 96-well SPE format, which was also described by Kall et al [91], and finally, the whole system was upgraded to an automated 96-well SPE format [92] coupled with HILIC-ESI-MS/MS. The method eliminates the evaporation and reconstitution steps between the SPE and HILIC separation.…”

Comparison of hydrophilic interaction and reversed‐phase liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometric detection for the determination of three pharmaceuticals in human plasma

“…In particular, an LLE direct injection determination of DNP is proposed for the first time. As for SPE analytical methods for CTZ determination, a protocol has been reported (Li et al, 2004b) employing a different SPE plate than the one involved in this method, while all other SPE methods do not employ direct injection techniques (Song et al, 2005;Erisken et al, 2002). Finally, PP plate combination with direct injection technique is also reported in the current study for the first time.…”