Automated analysis of marine refraction data: A computer algorithm

Ervin, C. Patrick; McGinnis, L.D.; Otis, R.M.; Hall, Mike

doi:10.1190/1.1441488

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The signal-to-noise ratio of the first arrival can be improved by stacking several consecutive traces together (e.g., Ervin et al, 1983;Gelchinsky and Shtivelman, 1983) or by applying a coherency filter (e.g., Coppens, 1985). This assumes that the refractor moveout (stepout) is taken into account as part of the process, or is removed from the data, and that no large trace-to-trace variations exist that would significantly attenuate the signal as well as the noise.…”

Section: Automated Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the trace is convolved with a box car or similar filter, the first break is transformed into a peak, generally slightly easier to pick than the first break (Ervin et al, 1983;Gelius et al, 1984;Ramananantoandro and Bernitsas, 1987). The disadvantage of this approach is that if the threshold is too low, spurious picks due to noise are obtained, and if it is too high, genuine events or first breaks may be missed.…”

Section: Automated Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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5. Refraction Surveys

Cox¹

1999

Static Corrections for Seismic Reflection Surveys

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Refraction SurveysDownloaded 10/09/15 to 129.78.139.28. Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at http://library.seg.org/ c c c c c or t z V x z V z V Downloaded 10/09/15 to 129.78.139.28. Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at http://library.seg.org/ Downloaded 10/09/15 to 129.78.139.28. Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at http://library.seg.org/ Downloaded 10/09/15 to 129.78.139.28. Redistribution subject to SEG license or copyright; see Terms of Use at http://library.seg.org/Fig. 5-20. Refraction arrival picking using a peak-trough ratio technique: (a) seismic data after removal of the refractor moveout or stepout; (b) display of all peaks and troughs, with the maximum ratio between successive events (the preferred pick) indicated by a thicker line (Chun and Jacewitz, 1981; preprint).

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Section: Automated Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Automated Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

5. Refraction Surveys

Cox¹

1999

Static Corrections for Seismic Reflection Surveys

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“…The term “first break” is ambiguous and can be taken to mean the signal onset, which is the time of first‐arriving energy (Brillouin, ), the arrival time of the first peak, or the time of first zero crossing (Hornby, ). Manual picking of first breaks is slow and may incur inconsistent user bias and error; therefore, there are many methods available for automatic picking of first breaks (Boschetti et al, ; Earle & Shearer, ; Ervin et al, ; Hatherly, ; Molyneux & Schmitt, ; Peraldi & Clement, ). Here, unless otherwise stated, we use the term first‐break method to mean picking the first maximum (or extremum).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coda Wave Interferometry for Accurate Simultaneous Monitoring of Velocity and Acoustic Source Locations in Experimental Rock Physics

et al. 2019

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In many geoscientific, material science, and engineering applications it is of importance to estimate a representative bulk seismic velocity of materials or to locate the source of recorded seismic or acoustic waves. Such estimates are necessary in order to interpret industrial seismic and earthquake seismological data, for example, in nondestructive evaluation and monitoring of structural materials, and as an input to rock physics models that predict other parameters of interest. Bulk velocity is commonly estimated in laboratories from the time of flight of the first‐arriving wave between a source and a receiver, assuming a linear raypath. In heterogeneous media, that method provides biased estimates of the bulk velocity, and of derived parameters such as temporal velocity changes or the locations of acoustic emissions. We show that coda wave interferometry (CWI) characterizes changes in the bulk properties of scattering media far more effectively on the scale of laboratory rock samples. Compared to conventional methods, CWI provides significant improvements in both accuracy and precision of estimates of velocity changes, and distances between pairs of acoustic sources, remaining accurate in the presence of background noise, and when source location and velocity perturbations occur simultaneously. CWI also allows 3‐D relative locations of clusters of acoustic emissions to be estimated using only a single sensor. We present a method to use CWI to infer changes in both P and S wave velocities individually. These innovations represent significant improvements in our ability to characterize the evolution of properties of media for a variety of applications.

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confidence: 99%

“…Hall [11] explained non-converted and converted refracted waves, and briefly described the propagation kinematics characters. Most studies in recent decades on refracted wave have focused on non-converted refracted wave (PPP and SSS refracted wave) [12][13][14][15][16][17] , with little work on converted refracted wave. This paper analyzes propagation characteristics of converted refracted wave based on converted refracted wave propagation theory, develops S-wave static correction method based on converted refracted wave, and processes the real converted wave data with better results of static.…”

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confidence: 99%

Propagation characteristics of converted refracted wave and its application in static correction of converted wave

Liu

Wei

2008

Sci. China Ser. D-Earth Sci.

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Three-component seismic exploration through P-wave source and three-component geophone is an effective technique used in complicated reservoir exploration. In three-component seismic exploration data processing, one of the difficulties is static correction of converted wave. This paper analyzes propagation characteristics of non-converted and converted refracted waves, and discovers a favorable condition for the formation of converted refracted wave, i.e. the velocity of overlaying medium S wave is much lower than that of underlying medium S wave. In addition, the paper proposes the static correction method of converted wave based on PPS converted refracted wave, and processes the real three-component seismic data with better results of static correction of converted wave. PPS converted refracted wave, converted wave, static correctionThe recent seismic exploration technology of P-wave source generating seismic wave and three-component geophone receiving P wave (P-P wave) and converted wave (P-S wave) is the most efficient method in complicated reservoir prospecting [1][2][3][4] . Considering the low and rapidly changed velocity of near-surface S wave, how to eliminate the influence of near-surface S wave on reflected S-wave propagation time (S-wave static correction) is especially important [5] .There have been three static correction methods of converted wave: (a) the calculation of S-wave static correction value from inversion of S-wave velocity based on Love wave dispersion [6] , (b) the inversion of near-surface S-wave velocity by the non-converted refracted S wave [7] , and (c) the direct derivation of the maximum stack power of S-wave static correction [5] . Since the widely used P-wave seismic source in seismic survey makes it difficult to observe Love wave and nonconverted refracted S wave, the application of the first two methods has limitations. The third method cannot fundamentally solve the problem of long wave-length S-wave static correction for its approximation to residual static correction.In 2002, Ritzwoller and Levshin [8] proposed the use of surface wave dispersion and non-converted refracted P and S waves in the inversion of surface S-wave velocity. Li [9] suggested the adoption of first break travel-time difference of Z and X component seismic record to calculate S-wave static correction value. Heelan [10] studied how to calculate amplitude intensity of refracted wave. Hall [11] explained non-converted and converted refracted waves, and briefly described the propagation kinematics characters. Most studies in recent decades on refracted wave have focused on non-converted refracted wave (PPP and SSS refracted wave) [12][13][14][15][16][17] , with little work on

show abstract

Automated analysis of marine refraction data: A computer algorithm

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

5. Refraction Surveys

5. Refraction Surveys

Coda Wave Interferometry for Accurate Simultaneous Monitoring of Velocity and Acoustic Source Locations in Experimental Rock Physics

Propagation characteristics of converted refracted wave and its application in static correction of converted wave

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