Automated Close-Loop System for Three-Dimensional Characterization of Spatiotemporal Optical Vortex

Chen, Jian; Lu, Keyin; Cao, Qian; Wan, Chenhao; Hu, Haifeng; Zhan, Qiwen

doi:10.3389/fphy.2021.633922

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The reference pulse is considerably shorter (~90 fs) than the toroidal vortex pulse (~3 ps), so, by the use of a precision stage and a movable mirror, the reference pulse interferes with each temporal slice of the toroidal vortex pulse. By utilizing the characterization method 28,29 , the amplitude and phase information can be retrieved from the interference patterns. Consequently, the 3D iso-intensity profile of the toroidal vortex pulse can be reconstructed as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Toroidal Vortices Of Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toroidal vortices of light

et al. 2022

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Toroidal vortices, also known as vortex rings, are whirling, closed-loop disturbances that form a characteristic ring shape in liquids and gases and propagate in a direction that is perpendicular to the plane of the ring. They are well-studied structures and commonly found in various fluid and gas flow scenarios in nature, for example in the human heart, underwater air bubbles and volcanic eruptions1–3. Here we report the experimental observation of a photonic toroidal vortex as a new solution to Maxwell’s equations, generated by the use of conformal mapping4–7. The resulting light field has a helical phase that twists around a closed loop, leading to an azimuthal local orbital angular momentum density. The preparation of such an intriguing state of light may offer insights for exploring the behaviour of toroidal vortices in other disciplines and find important applications in light–matter interactions, optical manipulation, photonic symmetry and topology, and quantum information8–17.

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Section: Toroidal Vortices Of Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toroidal vortices of light

et al. 2022

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“…The conventional optical vortex has OAM in the axial direction and locally time-independent optical phase winding in the transverse plane [1]. In contrast, the more recently discovered laser pulse with spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) [15] has OAM transverse to the axial direction and space-time dependent tightly circulating optical phase [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The STOV itself, which is usually a smoke-ring-like toroidal structure embedded in the waist of a short laser pulse, with space-time dependent light-wave phase and thus energy flux rotation around the toroid's minor circumference, was first observed in short self-focusing laser pulses propagating in air [16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The STOV itself, which is usually a smoke-ring-like toroidal structure embedded in the waist of a short laser pulse, with space-time dependent light-wave phase and thus energy flux rotation around the toroid's minor circumference, was first observed in short self-focusing laser pulses propagating in air [16]. Since then its properties and interaction with charged particles have been investigated [18][19][20][21][22][23]. Of interest is that it appears no stringent conditions are required for their existence, and they can occur if the core-to-periphery radial intensity gradient of the laser is sufficiently large, as at the waist of a strongly focusing intense laser pulse.…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolated attosecond electron and hard x-ray pulse generation by ultra-intense spatiotemporal vortex laser

Ju,

Wu,

et al. 2024

New J. Phys.

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The spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) laser pulse, characterized by a space-time dependent spiral phase structure and intrinsic transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM), has been of much recent research interest for basic physics as well as potential applications in optical communication and manipulation, as well as the attosecond sciences. Here we consider electron acceleration and generation of attosecond hard x-rays by irradiating a thin foil with intense STOV laser pulse. It is found that the affected foil electrons can be trapped and acquire transverse OAM, or synchrotronlike motion, from the STOV, as well as accelerated forward by the phase-distorted transverse and enhanced axial laser electric fields to form a tiny energetic bunch at the front of the laser pulse and emit short (∼400 attosecond) high-flux (> 109photons per pulse) hard (100∼1000 keV) x rays.

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Self‐Referencing 3D Characterization of Ultrafast Optical‐Vortex Beams Using Tilted Interference TERMITES Technique

Pan

Chen

Huang

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Femtosecond light pulses carrying optical angular momentums (OAMs), possessing intriguing properties of helical phase fronts and ultrafast temporal profiles, enable many applications in nonlinear optics, strong‐field physics, and laser micromachining. While generation of OAM‐carrying ultrafast pulses and their interactions with matters are intensively studied in experiments, 3D characterization of ultrafast OAM‐carrying light beams in spatiotemporal domain has, however, proved difficult to achieve. Conventional measurement schemes rely on the use of a reference pulsed light beam, which needs to be well characterized in its phase front and to have sufficient overlap and coherence with the beam under test, largely limiting practical applications of these schemes. Here a self‐referencing set‐up is demonstrated based on a tilted interferometer that can be used to measure complete spatiotemporal information of OAM‐carrying femtosecond pulses with different topological charges. Through scanning one interferometer arm, the spectral phase over the pulse spatial profile can be obtained using the tilted interference signal, and the temporal envelope of the light field at one particular position around its phase singularity can be retrieved simultaneously, enabling 3D beam reconstruction. This self‐referencing technique, capable of measuring spatiotemporal ultrafast optical‐vortex beams, may find many applications in fields of nonlinear optics and light–matter interactions.

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Automated Close-Loop System for Three-Dimensional Characterization of Spatiotemporal Optical Vortex

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Toroidal vortices of light

Toroidal vortices of light

Isolated attosecond electron and hard x-ray pulse generation by ultra-intense spatiotemporal vortex laser

Self‐Referencing 3D Characterization of Ultrafast Optical‐Vortex Beams Using Tilted Interference TERMITES Technique

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