Automated identification of astronauts on board the International Space Station: A case study in space archaeology

Ali, Rao Hamza; Kashefi, Amir; Gorman, Alice; Walsh, Justin; Linstead, Erik

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2022.08.017

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Over the last two decades, space archaeologists have drawn attention to the need to consider the preservation of space heritage in various Earth‐orbital positions (Clemens, 2009; Gorman, 2005b, 2009d), interplanetary space (Darrin, 2015; Sample, 2009), the ISS (Ali et al, 2022; Walsh & Gorman, 2021), and on Earth (Westwood et al, 2017). Planetary geoarchaeology is dedicated to studying space heritage on extraterrestrial surfaces and extends the applications of space archaeology by increasing our understanding of the past and future under two key principles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planetary geoarchaeology as a new frontier in archaeological science: Evaluating site formation processes on Earth's Moon

et al. 2023

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On October 4, 1957, Homo sapiens crossed a new threshold of technological innovation after constructing an artifact capable of entering Low Earth Orbit and effectively paving the way for a future of space exploration. This artifact was Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet space program which triggered the "space race" of the mid-20th century. Over the past 65 years, we have continued to explore and populate our solar system with rockets and spacecraft including satellites, probes, landers, and rovers. This expansion into our solar system has left traces of our presence on several planets including the Earth, Mars, Mercury, and Venus along with Earth's Moon, Titan, and several galaxy travelers in the form of asteroids and comets. Today, we have entered the realm of a new privatized and global space race, effectively a "new space race" or "new Space Age." As we expand our material footprint into new extraterrestrial environments, there is a growing need to understand the types of unique site formation processes capable of altering, destroying, or preserving this rapidly increasing archaeological record known as space heritage. Such understandings are germane to the subdiscipline of geoarchaeology, that part of archaeology dedicated to studying the interaction between humans, cultural heritage, and environmental systems from a geoscience perspective. Closely aligned and partially overlapping with the subdisciplines of space archaeology, archaeological science, and planetary geology, we introduce a new subfield we call planetary geoarchaeology to open discussion about how geoarchaeologists can play a role in addressing current and future issues surrounding the preservation and management of space heritage. To demonstrate the potential of the subdiscipline, we focus on the current archaeological record of the Moon, describe lunar site formation processes, and discuss the implications for the current and future preservation of space heritage in the lunar setting. Planetary geoarchaeology can be applied to practically every type of extraterrestrial environment, provided humans have left behind a measurable record. We hope this paper will spur more research studying human-environment interaction in space.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planetary geoarchaeology as a new frontier in archaeological science: Evaluating site formation processes on Earth's Moon

et al. 2023

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“…We identified three major phases of activity, corresponding to contexts 0-5, 6-52, and 53-59 (figs. 15,16,17). The primary characteristics of these phases relate to an early period of unclear associations (0-5) marked by the presence of rolls of adhesive tape and a few body maintenance items (toothpaste and toothbrush, wet wipes); the appearance of a toiletry kit on the right side of the sample area, fully open with clear views of many of the items contained within (6-52); and finally, the closure of the toiletry kit so that its contents can no longer be seen (53-59).…”

Section: Square 05mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since it is too costly and difficult to visit our archaeological site in person, we have to creatively re-imagine traditional archaeological methods to answer key questions. To date, our team has studied crew-created visual displays [12,13], meanings and processes associated with items returned to Earth [14], distribution of different population groups around the various modules [15], and the development of machine learning (ML) computational techniques to extract data about people and places, all from historic photographs of life on the ISS [16].From January to March 2022, we developed a new dataset through the first archaeological work conducted off-Earth. We documented material culture in six locations around the habitat, using daily photography taken by the crew which we then annotated and studied as evidence for changes in archaeological assemblages of material culture over time.…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The Sampling Quadrangle Assemblages Research Experiment (SQuARE) on the International Space Station, Report 1: Squares 03 and 05.

Walsh,

Graham,

Gorman

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Between January and March 2022, crew aboard the International Space Station (ISS) performed the first archaeological fieldwork in space, the Sampling Quadrangle Assemblages Research Experiment (SQuARE). The experiment aimed to: (1) develop a new understanding of how humans adapt to life in an environmental context for which we are not evolutionarily adapted, using evidence from the observation of material culture; (2) identify disjunctions between planned and actual usage of facilities on a space station; (3) develop and test techniques that enable archaeological research at a distance; and (4) demonstrate the relevance of social science methods and perspectives for improving life in space. In this article, we describe our methodology, which involves a creative re-imagining of a long-standing sampling practice for the characterization of a site, the shovel test pit.The ISS crew marked out six sample locations (“squares”) around the ISS and documented them through daily photography over a 60-day period. Here we present the results from two of the six squares: an equipment maintenance area, and an area near exercise equipment and the latrine. Using the photographs and an innovative webtool, we identified 5,438 instances of items, labeling them by type and function. We then performed chronological analyses to determine how the documented areas were actually used. Our results show differences between intended and actual use, with storage the most common function of the maintenance area, and personal hygiene activities most common in an undesignated area near locations for exercise and waste.

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“…Amazon Rekognition has several other features for object detection and image classification. Studies on Amazon Rekognition include image tagging (Kuang et al, 2021), face identification (Ali et al, 2022) (Liu & Wilkinson, 2020), emotion detection (Yang et al, 2021), and image captioning (Leotta et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ShoppingTotal: A Mobile Application Utilizing Assisted Rekognition Algorithm for Intelligent Price Detection from Shelf Label Images

Can

2024

Bilgi Ve İletişim Teknolojileri Dergisi

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ShoppingTotal is a mobile application for monitoring the shopping budget through shelf label images. Using the ShoppingTotal application, shoppers capture the shelf label image of the product to obtain the product information and view the total amount of the current shopping and the history of the previous shopping lists. For the ShoppingTotal application, the Assisted Rekognition algorithm is developed based on Amazon Rekognition’s text detection service for extracting product information from label images. The FourGroceries dataset is collected for evaluating the performance of the Assisted Rekognition algorithm over original, single-filtered, and multifiltered images based on the image filters under the categories of sharpness, blurriness, brightness, temperature, and color. According to experiments on the FourGroceries dataset and the Amazon Rekognition service, the average price detection confidence results are 76.49% with the Assisted Rekognition algorithm and 20.94% without the Assisted Rekognition algorithm. The Assisted Rekognition algorithm’s performance is found to be better on filtered images than on original images, with 89.25% price detection confidence. By applying appropriate single or multiple image filters on the FourGroceries dataset, the Assisted Rekognition algorithm achieves extracting the correct price values from all experimental dataset images.

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Automated identification of astronauts on board the International Space Station: A case study in space archaeology

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Planetary geoarchaeology as a new frontier in archaeological science: Evaluating site formation processes on Earth's Moon

Planetary geoarchaeology as a new frontier in archaeological science: Evaluating site formation processes on Earth's Moon

The Sampling Quadrangle Assemblages Research Experiment (SQuARE) on the International Space Station, Report 1: Squares 03 and 05.

ShoppingTotal: A Mobile Application Utilizing Assisted Rekognition Algorithm for Intelligent Price Detection from Shelf Label Images

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