Automated multisource electromagnetic inspection of fibre-cement boards

Chady, Tomasz; Schabowicz, Krzysztof; Szymków, Mateusz

doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2018.07.018

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There is scant information in the literature on the use of other non-destructive methods to test fibre-cement boards. The preliminary research described in [9,25] showed the terahertz (T-Ray) method to be suitable for testing fibre-cement boards. The character of terahertz signals is very similar to that of ultrasonic signals, but their interpretation is more complicated.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth noting that research on fibre-cement boards has so far been mostly limited to determining—solely through the bending strength (modulus of rupture, MOR ) test—their standard physicomechanical parameters and the effect of in-service factors (e.g., soaking–drying cycles, heating–raining cycles and high temperatures) and the various fibres and production processes [6]. Only a few cases of testing fibre-cement boards by non-destructive methods, limited to imperfections arising during the production process, can be found in the literature [7,8,9,10]. Besides the effects of high temperature and fire described in [11,12], the impact of sub-zero temperatures is one of the most destructive in-service factors to many building products, particularly composite products containing reinforcement in the form of various fibres, especially fibres of organic origin (to which cellulose fibres belong).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Freeze–Thaw Cycling on the Failure of Fibre-Cement Boards, Assessed Using Acoustic Emission Method and Artificial Neural Network

Gorzelańczyk

Schabowicz

2019

Materials

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This paper presents the results of investigations into the effect of freeze–thaw cycling on the failure of fibre-cement boards and on the changes taking place in their structure. Fibre-cement board specimens were subjected to one and ten freeze–thaw cycles and then investigated under three-point bending by means of the acoustic emission method. An artificial neural network was employed to analyse the results yielded by the acoustic emission method. The investigations conclusively proved that freeze–thaw cycling had an effect on the failure of fibre-cement boards, as indicated mainly by the fall in the number of acoustic emission (AE) events recognized as accompanying the breaking of fibres during the three-point bending of the specimens. SEM examinations were carried out to gain better insight into the changes taking place in the structure of the tested boards. Interesting results with significance for building practice were obtained.

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Freeze–Thaw Cycling on the Failure of Fibre-Cement Boards, Assessed Using Acoustic Emission Method and Artificial Neural Network

Gorzelańczyk

Schabowicz

2019

Materials

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“…In the literature, there is little information on the use of other nondestructive methods for testing fibre-cement boards. The research described in the works of Chady et al [9] and Chady and Schabowicz [22] showed the terahertz (T-Ray) method to be suitable for testing fibre-cement boards. Terahertz signals have a very similar character to that of ultrasonic signals, but their interpretation is more complicated.…”

Section: Survey Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the research on fibre-cement boards to date has been limited to determining their standard physicomechanical properties, the effect of operational factors, such as soak–dry cycles, freeze–thaw cycles, heating, raining and high temperatures, and the effect of the use of various types of fibres and production processes, solely through bending ( MOR ) tests [6]. In the literature on the subject, one can find only a few nondestructive tests carried out on fibre-cement boards, limited to the imperfections arising during production [7,8,9,10]. The effect of fire is one of the most destructive accidental factors for many building products, especially the composite ones containing reinforcement in the form of fibres of various kinds, particularly cellulose fibres, considering that at a temperature above 200 °C cellulose fibres undergo pyrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Degree of Degradation of Fibre-Cement Boards Exposed to Fire by Means of the Acoustic Emission Method and Artificial Neural Networks

2019

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This paper presents the results of research aimed at identifying the degree of degradation of fibre-cement boards exposed to fire. The fibre-cement board samples were initially exposed to fire at various durations in the range of 1–15 min. The samples were then subjected to three-point bending and were investigated using the acoustic emission method. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were employed to analyse the results yielded by the acoustic emission method. Fire was found to have a degrading effect on the fibres contained in the boards. As the length of exposure to fire increased, the fibres underwent gradual degradation, which was reflected in a decrease in the number of acoustic emission (AE) events recognised by the artificial neural networks as accompanying the breaking of the fibres during the three-point bending of the sample. It was shown that it is not sufficient to determine the degree of degradation of fibre-cement boards solely on the basis of bending strength (MOR).

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“…In the literature on the subject, there is little information on the use of other nondestructive testing methods for fiber–cement boards. The research described in the works of Chady et al [ 25 ] and Chady and Schabowicz [ 26 ] showed that the terahertz (T-Ray) method is suitable for testing fiber–cement boards. Terahertz signals are very similar to ultrasonic signals, but their interpretation is more complicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Acoustic Emission Method Implementation Proposition to Confirm the Presence and Assessment of Reinforcement Quality and Strength of Fiber–Cement Composites

Adamczak-Bugno

Krampikowska

2020

Materials

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This article proposes to use the acoustic emission (AE) method to evaluate the degree of change in the mechanical parameters of fiber–cement boards. The research was undertaken after a literature review, due to the lack of a methodology that would allow nondestructive assessment of the strength of cement–fiber elements. The tests covered the components cut out from a popular type of board available on the construction market. The samples were subjected to environmental (soaking in water, cyclic freezing–thawing) and exceptional (burning with fire and exposure to high temperature) factors, and then to three-point bending strength tests. The adopted conditions correspond to the actual working environment of the boards. When applying the external load, AE signals were generated, which were then grouped into classes, and initially assigned to specific processes occurring in the material. The frequencies occurring over time for the tested samples were also analysed, and microscopic observations were made to confirm the suppositions based on the first part of the tests. Comparing the results obtained from a group of samples subjected to environmental and exceptional actions, significant differences were noted between them, which included the types of recorded signal class, the frequency of events, and the construction of the microstructure. The degradation of the structure, associated with damage to the fibers or their complete destruction, results in the generation under load of AE signals that indicate the uncontrolled development of scratches, and a decrease in the frequency of these events. According to the authors, the methodology used allows the control of cement–fiber boards in use. The registration and analysis of active processes under the effect of payloads makes it possible to distinguish mechanisms occurring inside the structure of the elements, and to formulate a quick response to the situation when the signals indicate a decrease in the strength of the boards.

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Automated multisource electromagnetic inspection of fibre-cement boards

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of Freeze–Thaw Cycling on the Failure of Fibre-Cement Boards, Assessed Using Acoustic Emission Method and Artificial Neural Network

Effect of Freeze–Thaw Cycling on the Failure of Fibre-Cement Boards, Assessed Using Acoustic Emission Method and Artificial Neural Network

Identification of the Degree of Degradation of Fibre-Cement Boards Exposed to Fire by Means of the Acoustic Emission Method and Artificial Neural Networks

The Acoustic Emission Method Implementation Proposition to Confirm the Presence and Assessment of Reinforcement Quality and Strength of Fiber–Cement Composites

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