Automated SIA e‐Tongue Employing a Voltammetric Biosensor Array for the Simultaneous Determination of Glucose and Ascorbic Acid

Abstract

An automated voltammetric electronic tongue has been designed employing a biosensor array formed by three different enzymatic Glucose Oxidase (GOD) electrodes and the Sequential Injection Analysis principle. The system is used for its automated training and operation devised for determining glucose and one of its classical interferents, ascorbic acid. The three enzymatic biosensors contain GOD and different metallic catalysts in order to decrease the working potential and to differentiate the response of primary species and interferents. Linear sweep voltammetry has been the chosen technique for data generation and artificial neural networks have been used as the modeling tool. Different learning algorithms have been tried in order to obtaining the best architecture for the neural network. Glucose has been determined in different fruit juice samples by employing this system, correcting the ascorbic acid contents.

Electronic Tongues Employing Electrochemical Sensors

“…Also in a significant contribution from our laboratory, Guté s prepared a voltammetric bioelectronic tongue grouping different glucose biosensors, formed by epoxy-graphite biocomposites with glucose oxidase enzyme and different metallic catalysts (Pt, Pd and Au-Pd) to promote a differentiated response [92]. The system was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of glucose and ascorbic acid in an attempt to determine simultaneously glucose plus its typical interferents in biological fluids without any separation stage or barrier membrane.…”

Electroanalysis Utilizing Amperometric Microdisk Electrode Arrays

“…An array of five individually addressable gold microelectrodes has been reported to measure glucose, lactate and pyruvate simultaneously without cross-talk by Revzin et al [128], whereas Guté s et al [129] used an array of epoxy-graphite biocomposite containing glucose oxidase and different metal catalysts (Pt, Pd, Au-Pd) to generate a discriminative response between glucose and ascorbic acid. Finally, Moser et al [130] designed a biosensor array comprised of five platinum microelectrodes to detect glucose, lactate, glutamine and glutamate on-line.…”

State of the Art in the Field of Electronic and Bioelectronic Tongues – Towards the Analysis of Wines

“…This electronic tongue was applied to measure juice samples. However, the responses were influenced by the presence of other interferents occurring in the samples and provided increased results [82]. Another system utilized the combination of the developed potentiometric sensor array (electronic tongue for Na þ , K þ and NH 4 þ [83,84]) and enzyme urease covalently attached to carboxylated PVC [85].…”