Automatic behavioural responses to valence: Evidence that facial action is facilitated by evaluative processing

Neumann, Roland; Heß, Markus; Schulz, Stefan M.; Alpers, Georg W.

doi:10.1080/02699930441000364.001

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, it is not at all unusual to start out such research with well-controlled picture material and then proceed to more realistic but more difficult to control real-life observations later. Moreover, typical behavioral effects of social interactions relevant for everyday interactions such as mimicry have also been observed in studies using still photographs (Dimberg et al, 2002; Neumann et al, 2005; Eisenbarth and Alpers, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Visual Face Perception of Adults with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate in Comparison to Controls—An Eye-Tracking Study

Meyer-Marcotty¹,

Gerdes

Stellzig‐Eisenhauer

et al. 2011

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

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When perceiving a face with a unilateral cleft lip and palate, the observer's gaze is distracted to the nose and mouth area. Moreover, participants with a unilateral cleft lip and/or palate themselves focused greater attention on those features that are anomalous on their own faces in comparison to participants without a cleft lip and palate. Specifically, this different scanpath is reflected in the cumulative duration of the eye movements as well as in the initial facial scan pattern.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Visual Face Perception of Adults with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate in Comparison to Controls—An Eye-Tracking Study

Meyer-Marcotty¹,

Gerdes

Stellzig‐Eisenhauer

et al. 2011

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

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“…Indeed, observing emotional displays may evoke congruent emotional experiences in the observer (Hess & Blairy, 2001; Olszanowski, Wróbel, & Hess, 2020; Papousek, Schulter, & Lang, 2009; Wild, Erb, & Bartels, 2001). Other emotionally evocative stimuli, such as images of emotional scenes or words of positive and negative valence, were also shown to affect facial SRC responses (Chiew & Braver, 2010; Dimberg et al., 2002; Kozlik & Neumann, 2017; Neumann, Hess, Schulz, & Alpers, 2005). Moreover, fMRI studies found correlations between facial reactions to facial expressions and neural activations in the insula and amygdala, that are related to emotional processing (Lee et al., 2008; Rymarczyk et al., 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic facial reactions to facial, body, and vocal expressions: A stimulus‐response compatibility study

2020

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“…However, the choice to use distance as a corollary to valence stems from a long-standing proposal that valence is unconsciously linked to motivational systems which drive appetitive and aversive responses (Carver & White, 1994; Lang, 1995). The classic finding is of a congruency effect in which people are faster to approach positive stimuli than negative and faster to avoid negative stimuli than positive (pushing or pulling a lever or joystick—Chen & Bargh, 1999, Fishbach & Shah, 2006; Rinck & Becker, 2007; taking steps forward or backwards—Stins, Roelofs, Villan, Kooijman, Hagenaars, & Beek, 2011; or even making facial expressions—Neumann, Hess, Schulz, & Alpers, 2005). The advantage of this method is its ability to capture unconscious, automatic associations; the disadvantage is the way in which it dichotomizes valence and does not consider arousal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sliding into happiness: A new tool for measuring affective responses to words.

Warriner

Shore

Imbault³

et al. 2017

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology / Revue canadienne

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Reliable measurement of affective responses is critical for research into human emotion. Affective evaluation of words is most commonly gauged on multiple dimensions—including valence (positivity) and arousal—using a rating scale. Despite its popularity, this scale is open to criticism: it generates ordinal data that is often misinterpreted as interval, it does not provide the fine resolution that is essential by recent theoretical accounts of emotion, and its extremes may not be properly calibrated. In five experiments, we introduce a new slider tool for affective evaluation of words on a continuous, well-calibrated and high-resolution scale. In Experiment 1, participants were shown a word and asked to move a manikin representing themselves closer to or farther away from the word. The manikin’s distance from the word strongly correlated with the word’s valence. In Experiment 2, individual differences in shyness and sociability elicited reliable differences in distance from the words. Experiment 3 validated the results of Experiments 1 and 2 using a demographically more diverse population of responders. Finally, Experiment 4 (along with Experiment 2) suggested that task demand is not a potential cause for scale recalibration. In Experiment 5, men and women placed a manikin closer or farther from words that showed sex differences in valence, highlighting the sensitivity of this measure to group differences. These findings shed a new light on interactions among affect, language, and individual differences, and demonstrate the utility of a new tool for measuring word affect.

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Automatic behavioural responses to valence: Evidence that facial action is facilitated by evaluative processing

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Visual Face Perception of Adults with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate in Comparison to Controls—An Eye-Tracking Study

Visual Face Perception of Adults with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate in Comparison to Controls—An Eye-Tracking Study

Automatic facial reactions to facial, body, and vocal expressions: A stimulus‐response compatibility study

Sliding into happiness: A new tool for measuring affective responses to words.

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