Automatic Calculation of Load Flows

Glimn, A. F.; Stagg, G. W.

doi:10.1109/aieepas.1957.4499665

Cited by 66 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These per-iteration savings, however, come at the cost of more iterations. The fourth algorithm is the standard GaussSeidel method from Glimm and Stagg [10]. It has numerous disadvantages relative to the Newton method and is included primarily for academic interest.…”

Section: A Ac Power Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning, and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education

Zimmerman

Murillo-Sanchez

Thomas

2011

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

5,884

3,169

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Abstract-MATPOWER is an open-source Matlab-based power system simulation package that provides a high-level set of power flow, optimal power flow (OPF), and other tools targeted toward researchers, educators, and students. The OPF architecture is designed to be extensible, making it easy to add user-defined variables, costs, and constraints to the standard OPF problem. This paper presents the details of the network modeling and problem formulations used by MATPOWER, including its extensible OPF architecture. This structure is used internally to implement several extensions to the standard OPF problem, including piece-wise linear cost functions, dispatchable loads, generator capability curves, and branch angle difference limits. Simulation results are presented for a number of test cases comparing the performance of several available OPF solvers and demonstrating MATPOWER's ability to solve large-scale AC and DC OPF problems.

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Section: A Ac Power Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning, and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education

Zimmerman

Murillo-Sanchez

Thomas

2011

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

5,884

3,169

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Historically, power flow studies started with Gauss-Seidel (GS) type methods [2,3], Newton-Raphson's methods (NR) [4,5], or fixed point algorithms based on the admittance or impedance matrix, like the Implicit Z bus method (IZB) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Despite their flexibility and low memory usage, GS methods have low convergence rates compared to NR methods, who enjoy optimal quadratic convergence but come with an increased computational cost due to the need of assembling and solving the Jacobian system at each iteration.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unified formulation of a family of iterative solvers for power systems analysis

Borzacchiello

Chinesta

Malik

et al. 2016

Electric Power Systems Research

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This paper illustrates the construction of a new class of iterative solvers for power flow calculations based on the method of Alternating Search Directions. This method is fit to the particular algebraic structure of the power flow problem resulting from the combination of a globally linear set of equations and nonlinear local relations imposed by power conversion devices, such as loads and generators. The choice of the search directions is shown to be crucial for improving the overall robustness of the solver. A noteworthy advantage is that constant search directions yield stationary methods that, in contrast with Newton or Quasi-Newton methods, do not require the evaluation of the Jacobian matrix. Such directions can be elected to enforce the convergence to the high voltage operative solution. The method is explained through an intuitive example illustrating how the proposed generalized formulation is able to include other nonlinear solvers that are classically used for power flow analysis, thus offering a unified view on the topic. Numerical experiments are performed on publicly available benchmarks for large distribution and transmission systems.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

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“…At this time, the power system industry slowly started to use digital computers for power system analysis [75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91]. With the use of digital computers, the power system industry no longer had to worry about the component limitations in the network analyzer and the need for equivalent circuits was diminished.…”

Section: Evolution Of Equivalent Circuits Over Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Equivalent Circuit of a Large Power System for Real-Time Security Assessment

Wijeweera

Annakkage

Zhang

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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More and more system operators are interested in calculating transfer capability in realtime using real-time power flow models generated from the Energy Management System (EMS). However, compared to off-line study models, EMS models usually cover only a limited portion of the interconnected system. In most situations, it is not practical to extend the EMS model to capture the impact of the external systems and therefore using an equivalent network becomes necessary.The development of equivalent circuits to represent external areas was a topic discussed over the last 50 years. Almost all of these methods require impedance information about the external area to develop the equivalent circuit. Unfortunately utilities do not have the external impedance information in the real-time. Therefore, normal industry practice is to use off-line studies to develop an equivalent circuit and use that circuit in the real-time operation without any validation. This can result in errors in the security assessment. Therefore, power industry need a method to develop or validate an equivalent circuit based on the available real-time information. This thesis work is focussed on meeting that industry need.The work on this thesis presents two new methods that can be used to generate an equivalent circuit based on the boundary conditions. This method involves calculating equivalent impedance between two areas based on the boundary stations voltages, voltage angles and power leaving the boundary stations into external areas.This thesis uses power system simulation between two areas to change the system condition to obtain different boundary bus voltages, voltage angles and power injections to generate necessary data. Regression analysis and least square method is then used to generate the equivalent circuit using these data. It is expected that system changes will provide necessary information in the real-time to generate the equivalent circuit.The proposed methodology is validated with modified three area 300 bus system as well as using Manitoba Hydro's system. Contingency analysis, transfer level calculation and PV curves analysis is used to validate the proposed method. Simulation results show that the proposed method produces adequate accuracy in comparison with detailed off-line system models.The main advantage of the proposed method as compared to other existing methods such as Ward and REI is that the proposed method does not require external impedance information to generate the equivalent circuit. The ability to generate reasonably good equivalent circuit only using available boundary information will help utilities to generate or validate the equivalent circuit based on the current system conditions, which will intern help improve the accuracy of the security assessment.i Acknowledgments I would like to express my appreciation and sincere thanks to Udaya Annakkage, my research advisor, for his guidance, support and advice throughout this research. I was truly enriched by the many discussions we had over the course of thi...

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Automatic Calculation of Load Flows

Cited by 66 publications

References 3 publications

MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning, and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education

MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning, and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education

Unified formulation of a family of iterative solvers for power systems analysis

Development of an Equivalent Circuit of a Large Power System for Real-Time Security Assessment

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