Automatic construction of lexicons, taxonomies, ontologies, and other knowledge structures

Medelyan, Olena; Witten, Ian H.; Divoli, Anna; Broekstra, Jeen

doi:10.1002/widm.1097

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…Ontologies are formal representations of concepts, ideas or objects, pertaining to a specific domain, as well as all the relationships between those concepts [28]. The ultimate goal of ontologies is to facilitate automated reasoning and, by doing that, provide a deeper understanding of the domain.…”

Section: Controlled Vocabularymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Controlled Vocabularies on Requirements Engineering Activities: A Systematic Mapping Study

et al. 2020

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Context: The use of controlled vocabularies (CVs) aims to increase the quality of the specifications of the software requirements, by producing well-written documentation to reduce both ambiguities and complexity. Many studies suggest that defects introduced at the requirements engineering (RE) phase have a negative impact, significantly higher than defects in the later stages of the software development lifecycle. However, the knowledge we have about the impact of using CVs, in specific RE activities, is very scarce. Objective: To identify and classify the type of CVs, and the impact they have on the requirements engineering phase of software development. Method: A systematic mapping study, collecting empirical evidence that is published up to July 2019. Results: This work identified 2348 papers published pertinent to CVs and RE, but only 90 primary published papers were chosen as relevant. The process of data extraction revealed that 79 studies reported the use of ontologies, whereas the remaining 11 were focused on taxonomies. The activities of RE with greater empirical support were those of specification (29 studies) and elicitation (28 studies). Seventeen different impacts of the CVs on the RE activities were classified and ranked, being the two most cited: guidance and understanding (38%), and automation and tool support (22%). Conclusions: The evolution of the last 10 years in the number of published papers shows that interest in the use of CVs remains high. The research community has a broad representation, distributed across the five continents. Most of the research focuses on the application of ontologies and taxonomies, whereas the use of thesauri and folksonomies is less reported. The evidence demonstrates the usefulness of the CVs in all RE activities, especially during elicitation and specification, helping developers understand, facilitating the automation process and identifying defects, conflicts and ambiguities in the requirements. Collaboration in research between academic and industrial contexts is low and should be promoted.

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Section: Controlled Vocabularymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Controlled Vocabularies on Requirements Engineering Activities: A Systematic Mapping Study

et al. 2020

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“…Taxonomy is one of the most used approaches for cybercrime subject representation. It allows term hierarchy representation and is suitable for indexing content, exploratory search and browsing [4].…”

Section: Visualization Forms Of Phishing Attack Taxonomiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

E-mail-Based Phishing Attack Taxonomy

et al. 2020

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The amount of fraud on the Internet is increasing along with the availability and the popularity of the Internet around the world. One of the most common forms of Internet fraud is phishing. Phishing attacks seek to obtain a user’s personal or secret information. The variety of phishing attacks is very broad, and usage of novel, more sophisticated methods complicates its automated filtering. Therefore, it is important to form up-to-date and detailed phishing attack taxonomy, which could be used for both human education purposes as well as phishing attack discrete notation. In this paper, we propose an e-mail-based phishing attack taxonomy, which includes six phases of the attack. Each phase has at least one criterion for the attack categorization. Each category is described, and in some cases the categories have sub-classes to present the full variety of phishing attacks. The proposed taxonomy is compared to similar taxonomies. Our taxonomy outperforms other phishing attack taxonomies in numbers of phases, criteria and distinguished classes. Validation of the proposed taxonomy is achieved by adapting it as a phishing attack notation for an incident management system. Taxonomy usage for phishing attack notation increases the level of description of phishing attacks compared to free-form phishing attack descriptions.

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“…In this case, one wants to check that the degree of alignment between BP description and model, e.g., to see if relevant entities mentioned in the model are also mentioned in the text, and vice-versa. To address this goal, research should look at terminology extraction techniques (Medelyan et al, 2013). Extracting the relevant terms of the BP descriptions and comparing them with the labels in the BPMN models can provide a lightweight strategy to check existing relations between text and model.…”

Section: Modelling and Consistencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the quality of business process descriptions of public administrations

Ferrari

Witschel

Spagnolo

et al. 2018

BPMJ

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Purpose Business processes (BPs) of public administrations (PAs) are often described in the form of written procedures or operational manuals. These business process descriptions are expected to be properly understood and applied by civil servants, who have to provide legally compliant service provisions to the citizens. However, process descriptions in the PA are sometimes hard to read, ambiguous, or vague, leading to false interpretations or even incorrect execution of the processes. The purpose of this paper is to focus on improving the descriptions of BPs to be used in PAs. Design/methodology/approach To this end, the authors present an in-depth domain analysis, including a literature review and interviews with PA stakeholders belonging to different realities. From this analysis, the authors identified a set of 52 typical defects of process descriptions. Findings The authors provide a set of guidelines and a template to constrain the definition of these documents and to mitigate the identified defects. Furthermore, the authors outline research challenges in the field of quality assessment of textual process descriptions for the PA. Research limitations/implications This paper addresses the needs of any PA officer who has to write an official procedure or operational manual, and should be studied by researchers who wish to provide automatic strategies to check the quality of these documents. Originality/value Text quality issues have been addressed in various fields (e.g. requirements engineering), but not in the area of BP descriptions of PAs. The contribution consists in the study of the quality issues that occur and create problems in the practice of this particular domain. Based on this insight, we provide directions for research that will find solutions to mitigate the issues.

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Automatic construction of lexicons, taxonomies, ontologies, and other knowledge structures

Cited by 18 publications

References 73 publications

The Impact of Controlled Vocabularies on Requirements Engineering Activities: A Systematic Mapping Study

The Impact of Controlled Vocabularies on Requirements Engineering Activities: A Systematic Mapping Study

E-mail-Based Phishing Attack Taxonomy

Improving the quality of business process descriptions of public administrations

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