Automatic evaluation of body-related images

Watts, Kaaren; Cranney, Jacquelyn; Gleitzman, Melanie

doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.06.001

Cited by 18 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This, however, is consistent with previous research in which body-related images were employed as primes [38]. Together, these findings for body-related stimuli highlight the ongoing debate in the affective priming literature [56,57] that challenges Fazio et al's [20] conclusion that the accessibility of an attitude from memory is determined by the strength of the associative link between the attitude object and its evaluation, as measured by prime evaluation response latencies.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Watts, Cranney and Gleitzman [38] demonstrated that females automatically evaluate visual images of varying body shapes; however body shape messages can also be delivered through the symbolic media of oral and visual language which can be equally powerful. The automatic evaluation of body-related words has not, however, been systematically tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Automatic evaluation of body-related words among young women: an experimental study

Watts

Cranney

2010

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundPrevious research has demonstrated that exposure to images depicting the thin female ideal has negative effects on some females' levels of body dissatisfaction. Much of this research, however, has utilised relatively long stimulus exposure times; thereby focusing on effortful and conscious processing of body-related stimuli. Relatively little is known about the nature of females' affective responses to the textual components of body-related stimuli, especially when these stimuli are only briefly encountered. The primary aim of the current research was to determine whether young women automatically evaluate body-related words and whether these responses are associated with body image concerns, including self-reported levels of appearance schematicity, thin internalisation, body dissatisfaction, and dietary restraint.MethodsAn affective priming task was used to investigate whether females automatically evaluate body-related words, and whether this is associated with self-reported body image concerns. In a within-participants experimental design, the valence congruence of the prime and target pairs was manipulated. Participants selected body words as primes in Experiment 1 (N = 27), while normatively selected body words were primes in Experiment 2 (N = 50). Each prime was presented briefly, followed by a target word which participants judged as "good" or "bad". The dependent variable was response latency to the target.ResultsAutomatic evaluation was evident: responding to congruent pairs was faster than responding to incongruent pairs. Body image concerns were unrelated to automaticity.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that brief encounters with body words are likely to prompt automatic evaluation in all young women, and that this process proceeds unintentionally and efficiently, without conscious guidance.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic evaluation of body-related words among young women: an experimental study

Watts

Cranney

2010

BMC Public Health

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“…U tom smislu se navodi da žene koje su nezadovolјne svojim izgledom i težinom negativnije odgovaraju na vizuelne materijale koji predstavlјaju idealizovan mršav izgled (Groesz, Levine, & Murnen, 2002). Smatra se da veće nezadovolјstvo telom utiče na to da ove ispitanice obraćaju pažnju i detalјnije obrađuju stimuluse koji se odnose na fizički izgled, s obzirom na to da su visoko relevantni za pitanja njihovog trenutnog izgleda ili telesne težine (Watts et al, 2008). Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da ispitanice iz prve grupe, tj.…”

Section: Diskusijaunclassified

“…Iskustva susreta sa stimulusima koji se odnose na fizički izgled obično su kratkotrajna i, prema tome, verovatno uklјučuju brzu automatsku obradu (Joshi, Herman, & Polivy, 2004). Uprkos tome, automatska evaluacija stimulusa koji su povezani sa telom mnogo je ređe fokus istraživanja nego što je to slučaj sa drugim konstruktima obrade informacija, kao što je selektivna pažnja (Watts, Craney, & Gleitzman, 2008).…”

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The evaluation of body image through emotionally coloured words in muslim girls with and without hijab

Tiosavljević¹,

Djurovic²

2015

Psihol istra

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Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita uticaj stepena pokrivenosti telana evaluaciju fizičkog izgleda putem emocionalno obojenih reči kod muslimanki pokrivenog i nepokrivenog stila oblačenja. U svrhe utvrđivanja eksperimentalnih efekata na brzinu procene reči, primenjena je procedura afektivnog primovanja. Obuhvaće-na su dva ponovljena faktora sa po dva nivoa: PRIM (fotografije ženskih figura ispodprosečne i iznadprosečne telesne težine) i META (pozitivna i negativna reč). Uzorak se sastojao od 60 studentkinja muslimanske veroispovesti koje su podeljene u dve grupe. Kriterijum razvrstavanja u grupe bio je način odevanja, pri čemu su prvu grupu činile ispitanice koje nose tradicionalnu muslimansku odeću koja podrazumeva pokrivenost celog tela osim lica i šaka (hidžab), dok su drugu grupu činile ispitanice koje u svom odevanju prate aktuelne modne trendove karakteristične za generaciju kojoj pripadaju. Osim eksperimentalne procedure, korišćeni su i Upitnik opštih podataka i Upitnik opšteg (ne)zadovolјstva telom (BSQ). Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da kod obe grupe ispitanih postoji statistički značajna interakcija PRIM x META(F=14.189; p<.001). Osnovni efekat afektivne valence prima i grupe, kao ni afektivne valence mete i grupe nisu dostigli statističku značajnost. Između dve ispitane grupe nisu dobijene značajne razlike u brzini procene pozitivnih i negativnih reči, ali je post-hoc testovima utvrđeno da ispitanice modernog stila oblačenja značajno brže procenjuju tip reči mete nakon izlaganja fotografija mršavih figura nego kada im se prvo prikazuje fotografija gojazne figure (p<.05). Ti rezultati ukazuju na to da je kod studentkinja koje prate savremene modne trendove u oblačenju uočena preferencija mršave figure u odnosu na studentkinje koje se oblače u skladu sa muslimanskom tradicijom, te da možemo govoriti o različitoj internalizaciji zapadnih standarda lepote kod te dve grupe.Ključne reči: percepcija slike tela, emocionalno obojene reči, afektivno primovanje, hidžab.

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“…A variety of implicit processes related to appearance and body image have been identified, such as appearance schemas (e.g. Altabe & Thompson, 1996;Hargreaves & Tiggemann, 2002;Labarge, Cash, & Brown, 1998;Tiggemann, Hargreaves, Polivy, & McFarlane, 2004;Vitousek & Hollon, 1990), automatic evaluation (Ahern, Bennett, & Hetherington, 2008;Watts, Cranney, & Gleitzman, 2008), selective attention (Janelle, Hausenblas, Ellis, Coombes, & Duley, 2009;Jansen, Nederkoorn, & Mulkens, 2005), the influence of social context (Henderson-King, Henderson-King, & Hoffmann, 2001) and social comparison (Trampe, Stapel, & Siero, 2007). While dissatisfied body image thinking may be a conscious process, the habitual quality of repeated thinking suggests the operation of an automatic and nonconscious component.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

No body is perfect: The significance of habitual negative thinking about appearance for body dissatisfaction, eating disorder propensity, self-esteem and snacking

Verplanken

Tangelder

2011

Psychology & Health

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Thinking negatively about one's appearance may be a major source of unhappiness. It was investigated whether the habitual quality of negative body image thinking constitutes an additional vulnerability factor, i.e. when such thinking is repetitive and automatic. The cognitive content of negative body image thinking ('what') was distinguished from the habitual occurrence of such thinking ('how'). The mental habit component uniquely predicted explicit as well as implicit body dissatisfaction (the latter measured by an implicit association test) over and above cognitive content. Mental habit also accounted for eating disturbance propensity, low self-esteem and restrained snacking behaviour over and above cognitive content, even when controlled for body dissatisfaction. The habitual component of negative thinking about appearance thus seems a significant body image construct, has discriminant validity against body dissatisfaction, and constitutes a vulnerability factor for feelings of low self-worth and eating disturbance propensity. Implications for intervention strategies, such as mindfulness-based approaches, are discussed.

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Automatic evaluation of body-related images

Cited by 18 publications

References 67 publications

Automatic evaluation of body-related words among young women: an experimental study

Automatic evaluation of body-related words among young women: an experimental study

The evaluation of body image through emotionally coloured words in muslim girls with and without hijab

No body is perfect: The significance of habitual negative thinking about appearance for body dissatisfaction, eating disorder propensity, self-esteem and snacking

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