Automatic facial responses to briefly presented emotional stimuli in autism spectrum disorder

Mathersul, Danielle; McDonald, Skye; Rushby, Jacqueline A.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2013.08.004

Cited by 42 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…In addition, Dichter and colleagues (2010) found evidence of impaired startle‐induced postauricular modulation in the context of unpleasant pictures, further suggesting that patterns of altered startle responses are not due to picture valence, but instead more likely picture arousal, in contexts where startle reflexes should be attenuated but rather are amplified. Finally, Mathersul and colleagues (2013) found no differences in startle modulation or electromyography activity (i.e., orbicularis, zygomaticus, corrugator) in adults with ASD to normative neutral, pleasant, and unpleasant images, though this study used extremely intense images (e.g., erotica and mutilation) which may have elicited more normative responses. In summary, available startle eyeblink modulation data suggests mixed evidence of enhanced fear‐potentiated startle, but more consistent evidence of startle potentiation in positive affective contexts likely linked to processing the arousing properties of affective images.…”

Section: Overview: Emotion Regulation and Anxiety In Asdcontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…Hubert and colleagues (2009) reported lower SCRs in adults with ASD during an emotional face judgment task. Mathersul and colleagues (2013) found an overall dampening of SCRs to socially pleasant, but not neutral, images in adults with ASD. This was interpreted as a failure to orient to socially relevant stimuli and a greater relative allocation of attention to neutral images.…”

Section: Overview: Emotion Regulation and Anxiety In Asdmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Social‐cognitive, physiological, and neural mechanisms underlying emotion regulation impairments: understanding anxiety in autism spectrum disorder

White

Mazefsky

Dichter³

et al. 2014

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

202

125

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Anxiety is one of the most common clinical problems among children, adolescents, and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet we know little about its etiology in the context of ASD. We posit that emotion regulation (ER) impairments are a risk factor for anxiety in ASD. Specifically, we propose that one reason why anxiety disorders are so frequently comorbid with ASD is because ER impairments are ubiquitous to ASD, stemming from socio-cognitive, physiological, and neurological processes related to impaired cognitive control, regulatory processes, and arousal. In this review, we offer a developmental model of how ER impairments may arise in ASD, and when (moderating influences) and how (meditational mechanisms) they result in anxiety.

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Section: Overview: Emotion Regulation and Anxiety In Asdcontrasting

confidence: 62%

Section: Overview: Emotion Regulation and Anxiety In Asdmentioning

confidence: 81%

Social‐cognitive, physiological, and neural mechanisms underlying emotion regulation impairments: understanding anxiety in autism spectrum disorder

White

Mazefsky

Dichter³

et al. 2014

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

202

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The majority of studies on facial mimicry in ASD report evidence of impairment (Beall et al 2008; Mathersul et al 2013; McIntosh et al 2006; Rozga et al 2013). However, there is some suggestion of delayed development of the mimicry response, rather than absolute absence (Beall et al 2008), and studies have shown that typical mimicry responses can occur but with a delayed onset (Mathersul et al 2013; Oberman et al 2007). Further, Magneé et al (2007) found no evidence of impairment in EMG response in adults with ASD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Time Perception to Explore Implicit Sensitivity to Emotional Stimuli in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Jones

Lambrechts

Gaigg

2017

J Autism Dev Disord

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Establishing whether implicit responses to emotional cues are intact in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is fundamental to ascertaining why their emotional understanding is compromised. We used a temporal bisection task to assess for responsiveness to face and wildlife images that varied in emotional salience. There were no significant differences between an adult ASD and comparison group, with both showing implicit overestimation of emotional stimuli. Further, there was no correlation between overestimation of emotional stimuli and autistic traits in undergraduate students. These data do not suggest a fundamental insensitivity to the arousing content of emotional images in ASD, or in individuals with a high degree of autistic traits. The findings have implications for understanding how emotional stimuli are processed in ASD.

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“…The hypothesis that facial mimicry occurs both spontaneously and unconsciously is supported by findings that mimicry can occur in the absence of conscious perception of the stimulus face (Dimberg, Thunberg, & Elmehed, 2000;Mathersul, McDonald, & Rushby, 2013), and that it is difficult to suppress voluntarily (Dimberg, Thunberg, & Grunedal, 2002;Korb, Grandjean, & Scherer, 2010). Facial mimicry may be crucial for the development of empathy, which requires the detection and the representation of another person's emotional state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Gender differences in the neural network of facial mimicry of smiles – An rTMS study

Korb

Malsert

Rochas

et al. 2015

Cortex

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a b s t r a c tUnder theories of embodied emotion, exposure to a facial expression triggers facial mimicry. Facial feedback is then used to recognize and judge the perceived expression.However, the neural bases of facial mimicry and of the use of facial feedback remain poorly understood. Furthermore, gender differences in facial mimicry and emotion recognition suggest that different neural substrates might accompany the production of facial mimicry, and the processing of facial feedback, in men and women. Here, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was applied to the right primary motor cortex (M1), the right primary somatosensory cortex (S1), or, in a control condition, the vertex (VTX).Facial mimicry of smiles and emotion judgments were recorded in response to video clips depicting changes from neutral or angry to happy facial expressions. While in females rTMS over M1 and S1 compared to VTX led to reduced mimicry and, in the case of M1, delayed detection of smiles, there was no effect of TMS condition for males. We conclude that in female participants M1 and S1 play a role in the mimicry and in the use of facial feedback for accurate processing of smiles.© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. c o r t e x 7 0 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 1 0 1 e1 1 4http://dx

show abstract

Automatic facial responses to briefly presented emotional stimuli in autism spectrum disorder

Cited by 42 publications

References 104 publications

Social‐cognitive, physiological, and neural mechanisms underlying emotion regulation impairments: understanding anxiety in autism spectrum disorder

Social‐cognitive, physiological, and neural mechanisms underlying emotion regulation impairments: understanding anxiety in autism spectrum disorder

Using Time Perception to Explore Implicit Sensitivity to Emotional Stimuli in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Gender differences in the neural network of facial mimicry of smiles – An rTMS study

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