In modern times, the innovation ability of college students is a focus of college education. However, the cultivation and improvement of this ability are constrained by many factors, and the ability is too complex to be evaluated accurately. To solve the problems, this paper puts forward an extension model suitable for evaluating the cultivation and improvement of the said ability. Firstly, the research problem was defined clearly as the evaluation of the cultivation and improvement for the innovation ability of college students. Based on the extension theory, an evaluation model was established for the cultivation and improvement of the said ability, the workflow of model implementation was explained, and the corresponding evaluation algorithm was designed in details. Finally, the proposed model and algorithm were proved operable through case analysis. The research results provide support to the solution of complex systematic decision-making problems.