Automobile Exterior Water Flow Analysis Using CFD and Wind Tunnel Visualization

Karbon, Kenneth; Longman, Stephen E.

doi:10.4271/980035

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Regarding the water veil accumulation on car windows, we found few literatures reporting only qualitatively useful data, probably due to difficulties in considering measurements systems [33,34], water droplets variation due to vehicle type and velocity as well as other external forces such as gravity and air resistance. In [34] when considering the water film over the car glass window, some underline assumptions are made: the liquid film is "thin" with negligible surface ripples and associated inter-facial exchange. Also, in our article we assume that a thin layer of water is formed on the glass, in relation to rainfall that occurs in a completely different form (drops).…”

Section: Electromagnetic Simulation Of Water Film Over Glass and Asphaltmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, in our article we assume that a thin layer of water is formed on the glass, in relation to rainfall that occurs in a completely different form (drops). Moreover, in [34] the inertia of rain water is assumed comparable to the momentum imparted by the air flow, and the result is more downward streaking on the side glass and often stagnation of water in "dead spots". The dynamics of wind around the cars tend to create water films also laterally, in the form of strips of water that tend to stagnate along the side windows.…”

Section: Electromagnetic Simulation Of Water Film Over Glass and Asphaltmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rain Effect on 4G LTE In-Car Electromagnetic Propagation Analyzed Through MDT Radio Data Measurement Reported by Mobile Phones

Micheli

Muratore

Vannelli

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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Section: Electromagnetic Simulation Of Water Film Over Glass and Asphaltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electromagnetic Simulation Of Water Film Over Glass and Asphaltmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rain Effect on 4G LTE In-Car Electromagnetic Propagation Analyzed Through MDT Radio Data Measurement Reported by Mobile Phones

Micheli

Muratore

Vannelli

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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“…There are a number of approaches to numerically simulating surface flow. Thin film techniques (Karbon and Longman 1998;Kruse and Chen 2007;Jilesen et al 2015;Dasarathan et al 2016;Jilesen et al 2018Jilesen et al , 2019 have been used for simulation of A-pillar overflow, side window flow and windscreen flow, but the limitations of the approach are identified by both Jilesen et al (2018) and by Dianat et al (2017a). These include the lack of modelling of partial wetting, a lack of a model for velocities normal to the surface and no physical process to simulate phenomenon such as stripping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact angle measurements for automotive exterior water management

et al. 2021

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The simulation of fluid flow over solid surfaces is important in many applications, for example, in automotive applications where good visibility and the performance of external sensors are essential. Multiphase CFD simulation methods such as level set or coupled level set–volume of fluid typically require a validated dynamic contact angle model as a function of capillary number to accurately resolve the near wall behaviour. This paper explores an experimental approach to identify a suitable contact angle model for pure and contaminated water on glass and painted surfaces. Applying image processing methods to high-resolution digital images of droplets descending flat plate samples of the required surfaces, the dynamic advancing and receding contact angles and capillary number are determined. Cox–Voinov, de Gennes and Yokoi models are parameterised from the experimental data, and the Yokoi model is shown to be the most suited to these surface/fluid combinations where hysteresis is significant. A multiphase simulation implementing the Yokoi model demonstrates good correlation for the Bond number between simulation and experiment. Graphic abstract

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“…In addition to the studies of base soiling, contamination of the vehicle side is also reported in a number of studies [7,8,9]. Karbon and Longman [9] visually compares some early CFD work to still images of water flowing around an A-pillar from the windscreen and on to the side glass. The successful comparison between a configuration tested in both experiment and simulation then allows geometry modifications to be tested in simulation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

An Objective Measure for Automotive Surface Contamination

Hodgson¹,

Passmore²,

Garmory³

et al. 2018

SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst.

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Surface contamination, or soiling, of the exterior of road vehicles can be unsightly, reduce visibility and customer satisfaction and, with the increasing application of surface mounted sensors, can degrade the performance of advanced driver assistance systems. Experimental methods of evaluating surface contamination are increasingly used in the product development process, but the results are generally subjective. The use of computational methods for predicting contamination make objective measures possible, but comparable data from experiment is an important validation requirement. This paper describes the development of an objective measure of surface contamination arising during experiments. A series of controlled experiments using Ultra Violet (UV) dye doped water are conducted to develop a robust methodology. This process is then applied to a simplified contamination test. An image of a surface, illuminated by an UV lamp, is captured after every test along with a calibration vessel with known fluid depth. The image is processed to remove the influence of variation in incident illumination. The total mass of contamination deposited is then calculated using the calibration vessel to provide the required local fluid depths. The paper includes validation of the technique.

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Automobile Exterior Water Flow Analysis Using CFD and Wind Tunnel Visualization

Cited by 25 publications

References 3 publications

Rain Effect on 4G LTE In-Car Electromagnetic Propagation Analyzed Through MDT Radio Data Measurement Reported by Mobile Phones

Rain Effect on 4G LTE In-Car Electromagnetic Propagation Analyzed Through MDT Radio Data Measurement Reported by Mobile Phones

Contact angle measurements for automotive exterior water management

An Objective Measure for Automotive Surface Contamination

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