Automotive applications of thermoplastic vulcanizates

Abstract

Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) are special classes of thermoplastic elastomers, in which dynamic vulcanization of the rubber phase takes place during melt mixing with a semicrystalline thermoplastic matrix phase at elevated temperature. This review article focus on the different types of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) from various elastomer and thermoplastic blends that are suitable for the automotive applications purpose. A detailed study of the various TPVs based on polypropylene-ethylene propylene diene rubber (PP-EPDM) and polypropylene-ethylene α-olefin has been focused and their application in the automobile sector has been summarized. Most of the commercially available TPVs are PP-EPDM based. Limited applications of that TPVs in high heat and oil resistant application purposes requires new generation of TPVs. High performance TPVs or super TPVs are new generation TPVs that exhibit high heat resistance as well as excellent oil resistance property suitablefor automotive under-the-hood applications. Therefore TPVs based on XNBR-PA12, HNBR-PA12 and FKM-PA6 system has also been explored in details in this study and the possibility of the use of those TPV system has been focused for the high temperature application purpose in the automobile sector where high and oil resistant application properties is the prime concern.

A relative study of the effect of static and dynamic vulcanization upon shape memory nature of thermally actuated peroxide crosslinked polyolefinic blends

“…Both the statically vulcanized and dynamically vulcanized EOC‐EPDM blend shows the thermal stability up to 400°C. [ 45 ] Therefore, to get a better view of the differences between the thermal stability of statically vulcanized and dynamically vulcanized blend both the graphs are plotted above 300°C in the figure. Following the graph, it can be argued that T i (initial decomposition temperature) and T 50 (temperature at which 50% weight loss takes place) for dynamically vulcanized blend is higher than the statically vulcanized blend.…”

Flexible, High‐Density and Water‐Resistant Polypropylene/Thermoplastic Elastomer/Inorganic Fillers Composites

“…Analyzing Figure , correlations were not found between the variation of the filler concentration and the moisture content, although an increase in the moisture content was expected with the increase in the concentration of mineral fillers. [ 16–18 ] In this way, talc had a reduction in moisture content with increasing concentration, contrary to these expectations. Therefore, assuming the value of 500 ppm as the upper limit of the moisture content was observed that the samples Ba_25, Ta_40, and Ba_40 are inside this limit (Ba_40 considering the measurement error).…”

“…[ 9–11 ] One of these forms is the blending of thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) to polypropylene, the first having low elastic modulus, high elongation, good impact toughness, and compatibility with polyolefins depending on their chemical structure. [ 12–19 ]…”

“…In the case of adding inorganic fillers, one of the common issues is the increase in water absorption kinetics, due to the increased number of hydrophilic sites in these materials in relation to the polymers and to the new interfacial defects created between the polymer and the filler. [ 16–18 ] This higher absorption may be prohibitive for the use of these composites in applications with high humidity ambient, increasing the probability of hydrolysis occurrence. [ 1,19 ]…”

Hardness Modulated Thermoplastic Poly(ether ester) Elastomers for the Automobile Weather-Strip Application

“…Mole percentage of SOFA with respect to BDO in feed and in polymer (determined by 1 H NMR spectroscopy). Note that [CE]/[NDC] ratio is fixed at 1:1.5 2. Glass transition temperatures of soft phase (Tg1) and amorphous part in crystalline hard phase (Tg2).…”