Autonomic and neuroendocrine response to stress

Larkin, Kevin T.; Brown, Leah A.; Tiani, Alaina

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815015-3.00005-2

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“… 70 In contrast, the neuroendocrine system is mediated by activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis, releasing cortisol, corticotropin, and other corticosteroids. 70 Although these mechanisms are integral in delegating the basic survival instinct, superfluous response to external stressors, especially when chronic, can prove detrimental to cognitive health and incite a shift in several neurobehavioral responses including anxiety, memory, pain sensitivity, and coping behaviors. 18 , 71 , 72 Therefore, it is vital that the domains of fear, anxiety, and stress are regulated by the endocannabinoid system in an effort to maintain homeostasis in a healthy brain.…”

Section: The Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The body’s response to stress consists of an autonomic and a neuroendocrine responses that are activated in parallel . The autonomic nervous system consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, and functions mainly by using catecholamines like norepinephrine and acetylcholine as neurotransmitters . In contrast, the neuroendocrine system is mediated by activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis, releasing cortisol, corticotropin, and other corticosteroids .…”

Section: The Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The autonomic nervous system consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, and functions mainly by using catecholamines like norepinephrine and acetylcholine as neurotransmitters . In contrast, the neuroendocrine system is mediated by activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis, releasing cortisol, corticotropin, and other corticosteroids . Although these mechanisms are integral in delegating the basic survival instinct, superfluous response to external stressors, especially when chronic, can prove detrimental to cognitive health and incite a shift in several neurobehavioral responses including anxiety, memory, pain sensitivity, and coping behaviors. ,, Therefore, it is vital that the domains of fear, anxiety, and stress are regulated by the endocannabinoid system in an effort to maintain homeostasis in a healthy brain …”

Section: The Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Between Science and Big Business: Tapping Mary Jane’s Uncharted Potential

Grotsch

Fokin

2022

ACS Cent. Sci.

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At the intersection of science and medicine, government policy, and pop culture, cannabis has prompted society since the beginning of recorded history. And yet, there is comparatively little replicable data on the plant, its constituents, and their capacity to modify human physiology. Over the past decades, several findings have pointed toward the importance of the endogenous cannabinoid system in maintaining homeostasis, making it an important target for various diseases. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge on endogenous- and plant-based cannabinoids, address the issues related to cannabinoid-based drug discovery, and incite efforts to utilize their polypharmacological profile toward tackling diseases with a complex underlying pathophysiology. By fusing modern science and technology with the empirical data that has been gathered over centuries, we propose an outlook that could help us overcome the dearth of innovation for new drugs and synchronously redefine the future of drug discovery. Simultaneously, we call attention to the startling disconnect between the scientific, regulatory, and corporate entities that is becoming increasingly evident in this booming industry.

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Section: The Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Between Science and Big Business: Tapping Mary Jane’s Uncharted Potential

Grotsch

Fokin

2022

ACS Cent. Sci.

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“…Blunted responders are those comparatively lower to others in the sample (Whittaker et al, 2021) and low‐stress responses are as problematic for health maintenance as exaggerated responses (Larkin et al, 2020; Phillips, 2011). Blunted reactivity is associated with a range of negative outcomes such as hospitalizations (Sherwood et al, 2017), impaired immunity (Carroll et al, 2009) and mortality (Kupper et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural clusters characteristic of cardiovascular reactivity profiles relate to poorer health outcomes

Keogh

Howard

Gallagher

2022

British J Health Psychol

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Blunted cardiovascular reactivity is associated with a distinct behavioural profile of greater exposure to early life adversity, coupled with higher levels of behavioural disengagement and symptoms of depression. The present study sought to extend on this work by investigating if behavioural clusters with distinct patterns of reactivity were related to health and behavioural outcomes at baseline and at a 4-year follow-up. Methods: Hierarchical cluster analyses were conducted using longitudinal data drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS 2) Biomarker Project and the MIDUS 3 follow-up 4 years later. During MIDUS, 2 participants (N = 513) underwent a standardized stress testing protocol and had their blood pressure and heart rate monitored throughout. In addition, hierarchical cluster analyses were conducted on responses from measures of early life adversity, behavioural disengagement and depression. Binary logistic regressions were conducted to determine whether cluster membership was related to health and behavioural outcomes which were taken at both time points. Results: Three behavioural clusters emerged with statistically different blood pressure reactivity patterns. The cluster characterized by greater exposure to early life adversity, higher levels of behavioural disengagement and depressive symptoms, had relatively lower blood pressure reactivity patterns compared with both the exaggerated reactivity cluster and the cluster similar to the sample mean. In fully adjusted models, this cluster was associated with hypertension (p = .050) and depressed affect (p = .033), while Cluster 1 characteristic of an exaggerated blood pressure reactivity profile was associated with depressed affect (p < .001). Cluster membership did not significantly predict future health status.

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The Endocannabinoid System, Stress, and Mental Health

O’Brien

Blair²

2021

Medicinal Cannabis and CBD in Mental Healthcare

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Autonomic and neuroendocrine response to stress

Cited by 6 publications

References 72 publications

Between Science and Big Business: Tapping Mary Jane’s Uncharted Potential

Between Science and Big Business: Tapping Mary Jane’s Uncharted Potential

Behavioural clusters characteristic of cardiovascular reactivity profiles relate to poorer health outcomes

The Endocannabinoid System, Stress, and Mental Health

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