Autonomic Nervous System Differences as Predictors of Short-Term Outcome in Schizophrenics

Straube, Eckart R.; Schied, H. W.; Rein, W.; Breyer-Pfaff, U.

doi:10.1055/s-2007-1017085

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In other words, the most electrodermally active inpatients tended to be the most symptomatic outpatients approximately 3 months after hospital discharge. This relationship between heightened inpatient electrodermal activity and relatively poor short-term symptomatic outcome is consistent with previous reports by Frith, Stevens, Johnstone, and Crow (1979); Zahn et al, (1981); and Straube, Schied, Rein, and Breyer-Pfaff (1987).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Concurrent and predictive electrodermal correlates of symptomatology in recent-onset schizophrenic patients.

Dawson¹,

Nuechterlein²,

Schell³

et al. 1992

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Electrodermal activity and symptomatology were interrelated in a group of 56 male and 13 female recent-onset schizophrenic patients. Electrodermal activity was indexed by the frequency of nonspecific skin conductances responses and the number of trials to habituation of the skin conductance orienting response. Symptomatology was assessed by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) on two separate test occasions. The first test occasion was during the inpatient period when psychotic symptoms were prevalent and medications were variable. The second test occasion was several months later during an outpatient period when symptoms were stabilized and medications held constant. Electrodermal activity was positively and significantly related to a number of symptoms in male patients, most reliably the BPRS factors Activation and Hostility/Suspiciousness. These relationships were most consistent during the outpatient period. Of particular theoretical interest, greater electrodermal activity during the inpatient period was associated with greater outpatient psychopathology. The results suggest that heightened inpatient electrodermal activity is predictive of poor short-term symptomatic recovery in recent-onset, acute, male schizophrenic patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Concurrent and predictive electrodermal correlates of symptomatology in recent-onset schizophrenic patients.

Dawson¹,

Nuechterlein²,

Schell³

et al. 1992

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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“…First, higher symptom levels were associated with higher resting SC arousal, lower SC stress reactivity, and status as an electrodermal responder. Although this is the first study to examine all three of these variables in one sample, our findings corroborate several previous studies that examined these variables separately (Frith et al 1978;Zahn et al 1981;Straube et al 1987;Dawson et al 1992a, 19926). We also corroborated Dawson et al (1992a, 19926) in that these findings occur in outpatient samples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Zahn et al (1981) found that the patients who remained clinically ill after a 4-month hospital stay were characterized by a high baseline arousal (heart rate and spontaneous skin conductance response) and reduced reactivity to demanding stimuli. These findings were only partly replicated by Straube et al (1987), who found that patients with minimal improvement over a 28-day treatment period showed relatively low levels of electrodermal responsivity to demanding stimuli but more responsivity on cardiovascular measures. In another partial replication of the Zahn et al findings, Mussgay et al (1993) reported that patients who relapsed over a 1-year followup period tended to have lower levels of arousal and less responsivity than patients who did not relapse.…”

Section: Psychophysiological and Neuropsychological Correlates Of Sym...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Neuropsychological and Psychophysiological Correlates of Psychosocial Functioning in Schizophrenia

Brekke¹,

Raine²,

Ansel³

et al. 1997

Schizophrenia Bulletin

159

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This study tested hypothesized relationships between neuropsychological and psychophysiological variables and concurrent levels of clinical and psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 40 subjects diagnosed with a chronic schizophrenia spectrum disorder and living in community-based settings. The psychophysiological variables were tonic skin conductance (SC) level, SC reactivity to stressors, and SC response to orienting stimuli. The neuropsychological measures were the Stroop, the Controlled Word Association Test, and four subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (block design, digit symbol, digit span, and arithmetic). The psychosocial variables were measures of symptomatology, independent living, work, and social functioning. The results suggested that higher symptoms were associated with higher resting arousal, lower stress reactivity, status as an electrodermal responder, and deficits in verbal fluency and visuo-motor functioning. The pattern for better social functioning was higher resting arousal, lower stress reactivity, and more responses to orienting stimuli. Higher levels of independent living were associated with better visuo-motor and verbal processing. Increased work functioning was associated with better complex visuo-spatial processing. These findings are discussed in terms of (1) the specificity of associations between psychosocial, psychophysiological, and neuropsychological variables and (2) a holistic perspective toward understanding these relationships and their relevance to rehabilitation in schizophrenia.

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“…Moreover, the higher their ability to mobilize attentional capacity, the better their clinical outcome. This finding is similar to what has been reported for electrodermal reactivity (Straube et al 1987). Since pupil variability decreased with remission, this might indicate the restorative effect of neuroleptic treatment on attentional functioning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Visual search, EEG, and psychopathology in schizophrenic patients

Gäebel¹

1989

Eur Arch Psychiatr Neurol Sci

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Twenty acutely admitted schizophrenic inpatients diagnosed according to RDC and 8 normal controls were instructed to search for a randomly located target letter (Z) in ten lists of 284 distractor letters of either rounded or angular shape projected on a screen (23 degrees x 15 degrees). Eye movements were recorded using infrared corneal reflection-pupil centre measurement. Search performance was defined as the search time in seconds from onset of the display until localization of the target. The EEG was recorded simultaneously in schizophrenics, in whom assessment took place shortly after admission and before discharge. The psychopathological status was assessed at the same time with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Search performance was not significantly different in schizophrenics and normal controls, but was heavily affected by target/distractor similarity in both groups. Moreover, search performance in schizophrenics was not significantly affected by illness severity. However, search performance was differently related to negative and positive symptoms. Schizophrenics and normal controls differed with respect to the relationship between search performance and visuomotor microbehaviour. Additionally, two relatively time-stable eye movement patterns in schizophrenics could be distinguished, which were differently related to psychopathology, performance measures and EEG.

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Autonomic Nervous System Differences as Predictors of Short-Term Outcome in Schizophrenics

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Concurrent and predictive electrodermal correlates of symptomatology in recent-onset schizophrenic patients.

Concurrent and predictive electrodermal correlates of symptomatology in recent-onset schizophrenic patients.

Neuropsychological and Psychophysiological Correlates of Psychosocial Functioning in Schizophrenia

Visual search, EEG, and psychopathology in schizophrenic patients

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