Autonomic Pathways Involved in a Sympathetic-Like Action of Pilocarpine on Salivary Composition.

Schneyer, Charlotte A.; Hd, Hall

doi:10.3181/00379727-121-30707

Cited by 57 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…In slices of rat parotid glands secretion of amylase can be elicited via muscarinic receptors (Mauers, Herman, Busson, Ovtracht & Rossignol, 1974;Butcher, McBride & Rudich, 1976; Leslie et al 1976). Saliva produced by stimulation of the auriculo-temporal nerve contains amylase (Schneyer & Hall, 1966), and so does the flow caused by degenerative section of this nerve (Asking et al 1982). In the present experiments atropine did not affect the secretion of amylase (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

“…7 B), whereas atenolol reduced the output to the level of the control gland. It can hence be concluded that the amylase secretion elicited from the degenerating nerves, like that evoked in vivo by stimulation of the intact sympathetic pathway (Schneyer & Hall, 1966) is due mainly to activation of,-receptors. The noradrenaline released may reach preferentially ,6-receptors, but it may also be pointed out that the fl-receptors as a rule seem to be more sensitive to noradrenaline than the a-receptors (Langer, 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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PAROTID DEGENERATION SECRETION OF AMYLASE IN VITRO IN THE RAT FOLLOWING SYMPATHECTOMY

et al. 1982

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After extirpation of the superior cervical ganglion in the rat a degeneration secretion of amylase occurs in an in vitro preparation of the parotid gland. It can be detected about 14 h after the sympathectomy, reaches a maximum after about 17 h and then slowly subsides. It is abolished by atenolol, but not by dihydroergotamine or atropine, nor by tetrodotoxin. From this it is concluded that the phenomenon is due to an action mainly on β1‐adrenoceptors exerted by noradrenaline, which is released from the degenerating sympathetic nerves at the neuro‐glandular junctions, independently of propagated nerve impulses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 46%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

PAROTID DEGENERATION SECRETION OF AMYLASE IN VITRO IN THE RAT FOLLOWING SYMPATHECTOMY

et al. 1982

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“…Secretion of amylase, a major digestive enzyme of saliva, is regulated both by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems (Schneyer & Hall, 1966;Yamamoto & Kojima, 1969) and the increase in amylase secretion is especially caused by sympathetic nerve stimulation, the /8-adrenoceptors being involved in this mechanism (Kojima, 1967a). On the other hand, the initial acceleration in salivary flow produced by sympathetic stimulation is specifically antagonized by a-adrenoceptor blocking agents (Emmelin, Holmberg & Ohlin, 1965;Kojima, 1967a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nicotine on salivary amylase secretion from rabbit parotid gland

Inoki

Kojima

Tamari

et al. 1971

British J Pharmacology

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Summary1. The effects of nicotine on amylase secretion induced by auriculo-temporal nerve stimulation were studied. 2. Nicotine caused a transient increase in secretion as well as flow rate of amylase. 3. No difference in nicotine action was found between acute sympathetic decentralization of the gland and acute denervation. 4. The increase in amylase secretion due to nicotine was not inhibited by phenoxybenzamine, bretylium and chronic denervation, but was prevented by hexamethonium, propranolol and adrenalectomy. 5. The increase in flow rate due to nicotine was not inhibited by propranolol, chronic denervation and adrenalectomy, but was Drevented by hexamethonium, phenoxybenzamine and bretylium. 6. These results show that the action of nicotine in increasing amylase secretion is neither a direct action on the ganglion nor on the nerve terminal of the cervical sympathetic nerve, but is an indirect action of catecholamines released from the adrenal medulla on the post-junctional receptors. 7. The study also suggests that the initial acceleration of salivary flow due to nicotine is characterized by a mechanism different from that of amylase secretion.

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“…The physiologic basis of salivary biomarkers to study stress is based on the control of sympathetic activity (Schneyer & Hall, 1966). The main response to stress is via activation of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenocortical and sympatho-adrenal axis (Chrousos & Gold, 1992;Lehmann et al, 1985) and this can be represented by the concentrations of related hormones in saliva.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies have measured the salivary cortisol changes in response to sporting competition (Kim et al Concomitant reduction of saliva secretion and dry mouth has been reported after strenuous physical activity (Dawes, 1981). This phenomenon can not only be explained by a reduction in salivary secretion is related to total protein secretion in the mouth cavity (Schneyer & Hall, 1966;Dawes, 1981). Reports indicate that aside from total salivary protein, an increase in salivary α-amylase could be considered as a suitable marker for sympathetic nervous system activity (Chatterton et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of salivary cortisol and α-amylase to official competition

Azarbayjani

Dalvand

Fatolahi

et al. 2011

JHSE

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Azarbayjani MA, Dalvand H, Fatolahi H, Hoseini SA, Farzanegi P, Stannard SR. Responses of salivary cortisol and α-amylase to official competition. J. Hum. Sport Exerc. Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 385-391, 2011. This study was designed to determine the relationship between salivary cortisol, α-amylase and total protein response in the official football players during the course of a game. Nine young amateur football players agreed to participate in the study. Saliva samples were collected from each player 30 min and 5 min before the start of the competition, at half time, and then again 5 and 30 min after the end of competition. A significant increase in cortisol (p=0.04) in response to playing the competition was observed including a significantly higher concentration 30 min after match as compared to half time (p=0.016). In contrast, changes in salivary α-amylase changes were irregular, but there was significant decline 5 min after end of match as compared to the 5 min before the beginning of match (p<0.019). No significant difference in total protein concentration was observed. Though salivary cortisol, α-amylase and total protein changes were observed concomitantly, but there no significant relationship between them. We conclude that participation in competition has an accumulative effect on salivary cortisol concentration, but this was not related changes in salivary α-amylase.

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Autonomic Pathways Involved in a Sympathetic-Like Action of Pilocarpine on Salivary Composition.

Cited by 57 publications

References 1 publication

PAROTID DEGENERATION SECRETION OF AMYLASE IN VITRO IN THE RAT FOLLOWING SYMPATHECTOMY

PAROTID DEGENERATION SECRETION OF AMYLASE IN VITRO IN THE RAT FOLLOWING SYMPATHECTOMY

Effects of nicotine on salivary amylase secretion from rabbit parotid gland

Responses of salivary cortisol and α-amylase to official competition

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