Autonomous and non-autonomous roles of DNase II during cell death in <i>C. elegans</i> embryos

Yu, Hsiang; Lai, Huey-Jen; Lin, Tsung-Jen; Lo, Szecheng J.

doi:10.1042/bsr20150055

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Of these six genes, PSMB5, PSMB1, and PSMD14 have been linked to stem cell function. As previously mentioned, PSMB1 and PSMB5 are catalytic subunits of the 20S proteasome, and reducing their expression leads to a decrease in cell proliferation and an increase in replicative senescence in hBMSCs 32 . Likewise, Kapetanou and colleagues reported a similar decrease in the expression of these two genes in senescent WJ-MSCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Comparative Transcriptomics Identifies Potential Stemness-Related Markers for Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells

Ghabriel

Hosseiny

Moustafa

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells residing in multiple tissues with the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation into various cell types. These properties make them promising candidates for regenerative therapies. MSC identification is critical in yielding pure populations for successful therapeutic applications; however, the criteria for MSC identification proposed by the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) is inconsistent across different tissue sources. In this study, we aimed to identify potential markers to be used together with the ISCT criteria to provide a more accurate means of MSC identification. Thus, we carried out a comparative analysis of the expression of human and mouse MSCs derived from multiple tissues to identify the common differentially expressed genes. We show that six members of the proteasome degradation system are similarly expressed across MSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, amnion, and umbilical cord. Also, with the help of predictive models, we found that these genes successfully identified MSCs across all the tissue sources tested. Moreover, using genetic interaction networks, we showed a possible link between these genes and antioxidant enzymes in the MSC antioxidant defense system, thereby pointing to their potential role in prolonging the life span of MSCs. Our results suggest that these genes can be used as stemness-related markers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Comparative Transcriptomics Identifies Potential Stemness-Related Markers for Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells

Ghabriel

Hosseiny

Moustafa

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…The genes nuc-1, cps-6 and crn-1 encode proteins with nuclease activities that participate in the degradation of the dead cell within the engulfing cell (Lettre and Hengartner, 2006). Enhanced CPS-6, CRN-1 and NUC-1 can also minimize TUNEL responses due to further cleavage of DNA into smaller fragments for the downstream activity of CED-3 to produce TUNEL reactive apoptotic nuclei (Yu et al , 2015). A study involving expression profiling of various nematode-specific apoptogenic proteins during the execution revealed upregulation of proapoptotic proteins (EGL-1, CED-3 and CED-4) and concomitant downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein (CED-9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifilarial activity of azadirachtin fuelled through reactive oxygen species induced apoptosis: a thorough molecular study on Setaria cervi

2018

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Efficacious therapeutic strategies against lymphatic filariasis are always sought after. However, natural products are a promising resource for developing effective antifilarial agents. Azadirachtin, a significant tetranortriterpenoid phytocompound found in Azadirachta indica, was evaluated in vitro for antifilarial potential against the filarial parasite Setaria cervi. Dye exclusion and MTT assay confirmed the antifilarial potential of azadirachtin against S. cervi with a median lethal dose (LC50) of 6.28 μg/ml for microfilariae (mf), and 9.55 μg/ml for adult parasites. Morphological aberrations were prominent in the histological sections of the azadirachtin-exposed parasites. Moreover, alterations in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) parameters in treated parasites were evident. Induction of apoptosis in treated parasites was confirmed by DNA laddering, acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EtBr) double staining and in situ DNA fragmentation. The downregulation of anti-apoptotic CED-9 and upregulation of proapoptotic EGL-1, CED-4 and CED-3 at both the transcription and translation levels confirmed apoptosis execution at the molecular level. Changes in the gene expressions of nuc-1, cps-6 and crn-1 further clarified the molecular cause of DNA degradation. Furthermore, azadirachtin was found to be non-toxic in both in vitro and in vivo toxicity analyses. Therefore, the experimental evidence detailed the pharmacological effectiveness of azadirachtin as a possible therapeutic agent against filariasis.

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“…These regulatory particles also ensure deubiquitylation of protein substrates by the action of several DUBs. While RPN11 is essential for RP-CP assembly [25], this subunit also cleaves polyubiquitin chains at a proximal site and contributes to recycling ubiquitin chains [26,27]. The C-terminal domain of RPN13 also has a DUB activity that optimises the cleavage of ubiquitin chains when close to the proteasome.…”

Section: The 19s Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Regulating the UPS-ALS Crosstalk: The Role of Proteaphagy

et al. 2020

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Protein degradation is tightly regulated inside cells because of its utmost importance for protein homeostasis (proteostasis). The two major intracellular proteolytic pathways are the ubiquitin-proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome systems which ensure the fate of proteins when modified by various members of the ubiquitin family. These pathways are tightly interconnected by receptors and cofactors that recognize distinct chain architectures to connect with either the proteasome or autophagy under distinct physiologic and pathologic situations. The degradation of proteasome by autophagy, known as proteaphagy, plays an important role in this crosstalk since it favours the activity of autophagy in the absence of fully active proteasomes. Recently described in several biological models, proteaphagy appears to help the cell to survive when proteostasis is broken by the absence of nutrients or the excess of proteins accumulated under various stress conditions. Emerging evidence indicates that proteaphagy could be permanently activated in some types of cancer or when chemoresistance is observed in patients.

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Autonomous and non-autonomous roles of DNase II during cell death in C. elegans embryos

Abstract: The method of ToLFP (topoisomerase labelled fluorescence probes) is useful for detecting the DNA fragments generated by DNase II in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos. It reveals ~70% ToLFP signals in dying cells and 30% in engulfing cells during embryogenesis.

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Comparative Transcriptomics Identifies Potential Stemness-Related Markers for Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells

Comparative Transcriptomics Identifies Potential Stemness-Related Markers for Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells

Antifilarial activity of azadirachtin fuelled through reactive oxygen species induced apoptosis: a thorough molecular study on Setaria cervi

Mechanisms Regulating the UPS-ALS Crosstalk: The Role of Proteaphagy

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