IntroductionTransition towards the generation and conversion of clean energy requires the improvement of current renewable energy-based technologies. Increasing dependence and application of fossil fuels, initiated by escalating world energy demands, have resulted in severe environmental problems including climate change and global warming (Tawalbeh et al., 2022a). Importantly, repercussions of fossil fuel emissions are said to be "unlocalized" where even though the developed nations are responsible for the emissions, it is the developing nations that suffer as evidenced by recent devastations in South Asia (Perera, 2018) (Khokhar, 2022). Fuel cells have immense potential in catalyzing the shift towards cleaner energy sources and can also be utilized as efficient power generators and converters. Besides environmental benefits, www.resrecov.com HIGHLIGHTS ➢ Fuel cells are promising candidates for power generation with zero to low carbon footprint. ➢ Fuel cells are ideal for stationery and transportation sectors due to numerous advantages. ➢ Large scale commercialization still requires the unraveling the technical issues such as durability, and cost.